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<Search><pages Count="100"><page Index="1"><![CDATA[Chapters 8-14]]></page><page Index="2"><![CDATA[]]></page><page Index="3"><![CDATA[Chapter 8]]></page><page Index="4"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 8


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER EIGHT

               We may suffer persecution for believing in Jesus Christ, but like the persecuted and scattered
               church at Jerusalem, we must never stop boldly proclaiming the gospel of Jesus Christ.  The power
               and associated gifts of the Holy Spirit are never meant to draw attention to ourselves nor are
               they to be used for the purpose of financial gain, rather, they should always glorify God and lead
               others into salvation or a deeper walk with Him.  God may perform miracles and signs through
               our hands, not only to set people free, but ultimately to cause sinners to come to the saving
               knowledge of Jesus Christ.  We must continue to grow in our knowledge of God’s Word, continue
               to pray, and be quick to obey the Spirit.  In doing so, we may be led across the paths of those
               sincerely seeking the truth and cause sinners to be saved from an eternity spent in hell.

               Four Men Will Appear in Acts 8 whose lives greatly affect the early church.  They will influence
               individual lives as well as entire nations.  The first man appears in the first half of chapter 8, Saul
               of  Tarsus who later becomes Paul the apostle.   The second is Philip who becomes the  first
               evangelist of the church age and sees revival change an entire city at one time.  The third is Simon
               the Sorcerer whose stand against the gospel causes many to respond and receive the Holy Spirit.
               The fourth is the Ethiopian eunuch whose conversion will change an entire nation.
               SAUL:  PERSECUTOR OF THE CHURCH


               Saul, the witness to the stoning  of Stephen is bringing great persecution to the church at
               Jerusalem as he drags Christian men and women from their homes and has them thrown into
               prison.  Many believers flee the city, but still boldly preach the gospel wherever they go.

               SAUL PERSECUTES THE CHURCH

               Saul is a member of the Sanhedrin, a devoutly religious Jew deeply steeped in Judaism
               (Philippians 3:4-9).  As an unbeliever, Saul’s mind is blinded (2 Corinthians 4:4) through religion,
               self-righteousness, and hypocrisy.  Because of his religious background and persecution of the
               church, Paul considers himself to be the worst man who ever lived (1 Timothy 1:12-16).

               Act 8:1  And Saul was consenting unto his death. And at that time there was a great persecution
               against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the
               regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles.

               Stephen’s death is the first in an extended period of persecution.  Jerusalem, the headquarters
               of Judaism, wants Christianity out.  The church is scattered and sent out at Jerusalem (Acts 11:19;
               James 1:1).  This is a fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy found in chapter 1: 8.]]></page><page Index="5"><![CDATA[The apostles, however, remained in Jerusalem to form the government and counsel of the church
               at Jerusalem.  They remain as many of their congregation leave the city for safer, more peaceful
               places to preach the gospel.

                       8:1 church, ecclesia (ek-klay-see-ah);  Used in secular Greek for an assembly of citizens
                       and in the Septuagint for the congregation of Israel. The NT uses the word in the former
                       sense in 19:32, 39, 41, and in the latter sense in 7:38 and Hebrews 2:12. The dominant
                       use in the NT is to describe an assembly or company of Christians in the following ways:
                       1) the whole body of Christians; 2) a local church constituting a company of Christians
                       gathering for worship, sharing, and teaching; 3) churches in a district. Other related terms
                       are: “spiritual house,” “chosen race,” and “God’s people.” (Compare “ecclesiastic” and
                       “ecclesiastical.) The survival of the Christian church against all its opponents is assured in
                       Jesus’ words from Matthew 16:18, “On this rock I will build My church, and the gates of
                       Hades shall not prevail against it.”

               Act 8:2  And devout men carried Stephen to his burial, and made great lamentation over him.

               Just as the young, devout men had buried Ananias and Sapphira in chapter 5, they now bury one
               of their own who had become a renowned teacher in the city of Jerusalem.  The process is
               repeated.  The young men who had buried the bodies of Ananias and Sapphira became the
               deacons in  chapter 6 as the church began to  grow.   As those first deacons (which included
               Stephen) enter the ministry, new young and devout men are being raised up under them.
               Act 8:3  As for Saul, he made havock of the church, entering into every house, and haling men
               and women committed them to prison.

               Saul is a very committed and zealous man for the religion of the Jews.  He believes what he is
               doing against the church is for God.  At this point, Saul is Christianity’s greatest adversary.  Later
               he will refer to himself as the worst sinner who ever lived (1 Timothy 1:15).

               Religion is the greatest enemy of the gospel.  The religious person is the most difficult to win and
               the least receptive to the gospel of grace.  Religious people are too consumed in their own human
               good and arrogance to believe they need a savior (Isaiah 64:6; Titus 3:5).

               THE CHURCH IS SCATTERED

               Act 8:4  Therefore they that were scattered abroad went every where preaching the word.


               Therefore they that were scattered abroad (diaspeiro) went every where preaching the word.
               The Greek word for “scattered” means “to throw out as seed” (see James 1:1).  These believers
               are not thrown away nor do they run away in fear.  They dispersed to escape the persecution,
               but they are not silent about the Lord Jesus.  For the Jews to believe they have gained a great
               victory over the Christians is as futile as believing they could get rid of seed by throwing it away
               on good soil.]]></page><page Index="6"><![CDATA[Any rejoicing on the part of the Jews will be short-lived; Christians began to crop up in the many
               places outside Jerusalem were believers had been dispersed.

               PHILIP:  THE EVANGELIST (5-8)

               Philip goes to Samaria and preaches Christ to them.  He also performs miracles, casts out unclean
               spirits from those possessed, and heals many paralyzed and lame people by the power of God.
               There is great joy in the city.

               REVIVAL IN THE CITY

               Act 8:5  Then Philip went down to the city of Samaria, and preached Christ unto them.

               One of those who fled Jerusalem was the second deacon mentioned in Acts 6, Philip, who was
               called to be an evangelist (Acts 21:8; Ephesians 4:11).  Unlike the office of a teacher (which
               Stephen walked in), the evangelist does not expound Scripture, but simply brings out Jesus and
               the new birth from any section of Scripture.   Philip’s message is the same whether he is
               addressing and the entire city or an individual -- salvation by faith in Jesus Christ.  He does not
               preach sin, but Christ.

               Philip is not the first to preach Christ in Samaria.  This is the same city where Jesus met the woman
               at the well (John 4:5-42).  Jesus informed his disciples that many had previously preach the gospel
               in Samaria.  Some have planted, others have watered, and now God would receive the increase
               (John 4:37-38; 1 Corinthians 3:6-8).

               Philip is entering a city which has entered revival.  The gospel has been preached, and the city is
               prepared for even greater numbers of souls to be won.

               Act 8:6  And the people with one accord gave heed unto those things which Philip spake, hearing
               and seeing the miracles which he did.

               The ministry of the evangelist is accompanied by the power gifts, gifts of healing and working of
               miracles (1 Corinthians 12:28).  The purpose of these gifts is to direct the focus of attention on
               salvation through the Lord Jesus Christ.

               DEMONS FLEE AND BODIES HEALED

               Act 8:7  For unclean spirits, crying with loud voice, came out of many that were possessed with
               them: and many taken with palsies, and that were lame, were healed.

               At this time, Samaria is under the influence of the Greek culture and worships the demons of the
               Pantheon (1 Corinthians 10:21-22).  Half of Samaria is comprised of a Jewish population and half
               is Gentile.  The same is true of the worship.  Citizens of Samaria acknowledge the God of Israel
               while at the same time acknowledge demonic gods.]]></page><page Index="7"><![CDATA[Philip casts out devils and heals the sick.  Not all sickness is a result of demons.  A distinction is
               made between healing and casting out demons (Matthew 10:8; Acts 19:11-12).   The same
               anointing delivers people from both, but we must depend on the gifts of the Holy Spirit to discern
               the difference.

               Act 8:8  And there was great joy in that city.

               Joy is a fruit of the new birth, a result of salvation.

               SIMON:  THE SORCERER (9-25)

               Simon is a sorcerer who had once practiced sorcery in the city of Jerusalem and is now in Samaria
               proclaiming he is someone correct.  The people believe him because he astonishes them with
               magic.   However, when Philip preaches Christ, many of the same people believed Philip’s
               message, including Simon.  Simon is amazed by the miracles and signs God performs through
               Philip and falls him as he preaches.

               SIMON HELD IN HIGH ESTEEM

               Act 8:9  But there was a certain man, called Simon, which beforetime in the same city used
               sorcery, and bewitched the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one:

               But there was a certain man, called Simon, which beforetime in the same city used sorcery
               (mageuo), and bewitched (existemi) the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some
               great one:

               Up until now, Simon has been highly renowned in the city.  He uses witchcraft and the powers of
               demons to display satanic signs and wonders to the people.  Now Philip becomes more esteemed
               among the people than Simon as the one true power of God manifests through the ministry of
               Phillip.  A similar situation will later occur in Paul’s ministry in Ephesus when compared to the
               seven sons of Sceva (19:13-14).

               According to Justin Martyr, Simon was born in Gitton, a small village in Samaria.  He was educated
               under Dositheus in Alexandria and became a gnostic.  Simon’s mixture of religion, philosophy,
               and magic had gained him a reputation in Samaria.

               Act 8:10  To whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is the great
               power of God.

               Simon has much attention as a sorcerer.  When Peter and John arrived, he will feel neglected an
               attempt to buy back his reputation among the people.

               Act 8:11  And to him they had regard, because that of long time he had bewitched them with
               sorceries.

               Satan’s ministry is to imitate the works of God.]]></page><page Index="8"><![CDATA[CONVERSIONS IN SAMARIA

               Act 8:12  But when they believed Philip preaching the things concerning the kingdom of God, and
               the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women.

               Philip preaches three things: Christ (verse five), the kingdom of God (verse 12), and the name of
               Jesus (verse 12).

               Act 8:13  Then Simon himself believed also: and when he was baptized, he continued with Philip,
               and wondered, beholding the miracles and signs which were done.

               Coming from a background of sorcery, Simon has seen spiritual signs through demons.  Now he
               is observing the true signs from God and is able to recognize the difference between the two.
               Simon is converted and strongly desire’s to operate in the gifts of the Holy Spirit.  He follows
               Philip closely to learn how he is able to perform these miracles.

               Act 8:14  Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the
               word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John:

               Hearing about the conversion of the Samaritans (the first Gentiles to be converted), Peter and
               John were sent to the converts and prayed for them to receive the baptism in the Holy Spirit.

               Peter and John are gifted by the Holy Spirit in leading others into the infilling.  Philip is gifted in
               leading others into the new birth and getting them healed.  Philip’s weakness is getting people
               filled with the Holy Spirit.  These disciples serve as a reminder that we all need each other as
               team members in the body of Christ.  One person is not gifted to operate in all areas.

                       8:14  A Spirit-Filled Revival, HOLY SPIRIT FULLNESS.  Peter and John’s concern for the
                       Samaritan revival directly relates to their desire that those born of the Holy Spirit also
                       received the fullness of the Holy Spirit. The text and their ministry clearly differentiate
                       water baptism (verses 12, 16) from receiving the Holy Spirit’s fullness (verse 17). The
                       apostles laid hands on the converts, and they received the Holy Spirit with miracle signs.
                       This attracted the interest of Simon the sorcerer (verses 18-19), who desired the same
                       power demonstrated by the apostles as they laid hands on the converts. For the apostles,
                       the Holy Spirit fullness was no small matter; their focus and approach were dedicated
                       toward guaranteeing the transmission of the power of Pentecost among new believers.
                       They obviously felt the need for every believer to become equipped with power, as sure
                       as each of them had received new life in Christ and obeyed Him in water baptism. Such
                       leadership is still needed in the church today.]]></page><page Index="9"><![CDATA[INFILLINGS IN SAMARIA

               Act 8:15  Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy
               Ghost:

               the Holy Spirit, just like salvation and every gift of God, has already been given.  The prayer is not
               for the Holy Spirit to fall are come on them; He has already come in chapter 2, on the day of
               Pentecost.  The Holy Spirit is already present and desires to fill these new believers.

               The hindrance is not the Holy Spirit, but the will of the people.  They need to be taught and prayed
               for to receive the Holy Spirit.  This is the key to everything in the Christian life.  Everything has
               been given in grace (2 Peter 1:3).  Faith responds and receives the grace, the gifts which have
               already been given.

               Peter and John are not prejudice against these people and neither are the leaders at Jerusalem
               (at this time).  They are happy and rejoice with the Samaritans when they hear of their new births
               and the revival which hits the city.  Peter and John are joyous when these new converts received
               the same Holy Spirit and the same experience they had received at Pentecost.

               Act 8:16  (For as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of
               the Lord Jesus.)

               Philip had ministered to them the new birth, healings, miracles, and baptism.

               Act 8:17  Then laid they their hands on them, and they received the Holy Ghost.

               Peter and John laid hands on the Samaritan believers and they received the Holy Spirit.  The
               assumption can be made that the infilling of the Samaritan believers was accompanied by
               speaking in tongues.  Simon would have sought while the apostles had because there had been
               some manifestation.

               SIMON TRIES TO BUY POWER

               Act 8:18  And when Simon saw that through laying on of the apostles' hands the Holy Ghost was
               given, he offered them money,

               Simon now wants the popularity and position of prominence he once held in Samaria returned
               to him and offers money to have this power.

               Act 8:19  Saying, Give me also this power, that on whomsoever I lay hands, he may receive the
               Holy Ghost.

               God does give this authority, but never to exalt a man, and never for money.

               Act 8:20  But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast thought that
               the gift of God may be purchased with money.]]></page><page Index="10"><![CDATA[Simon is headed toward the sin unto death, as was the case with Ananias and Sapphira.  He is
               not headed toward hell, because he has received Jesus Christ as his Lord and Savior.  Instead,
               Simon has opened himself up to the destruction of his physical body because of his thoughts and
               words against the gospel and the will of God.

               Act 8:21  Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter: for thy heart is not right in the sight of
               God.

               Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter (logos: utterance) for thy heart is not right in the
               sight of God.

               The utterance given by the people is speaking in tongues.  Simon wants the authority associated
               with the Holy Spirit, but his motives are wrong.  Peter tells Simon he has no part in operating in
               the power of God because of his wrong heart.

               To fully enter into the plan of God, our motives and desires should be to help others, not to
               enhance who we are.  The focus should be on God, not on us!

               PETER CALLS SIMON TO REPENTANCE

               Act 8:22  Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray God, if perhaps the thought of thine
               heart may be forgiven thee.

               Sin always begins with the thought of the heart.  Not only should we ask forgiveness for the act
               of sin, we should also ask forgiveness for the thought of sin (1 John 1:9).

               Act 8:23  For I perceive that thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.

               Peter perceives in his spirit that Simon’s heart was not right before God (Mark 2:8; Luke 9:47).

                       8:23 The Bonds of Unforgiveness,  DELIVERANCE.  A sorcerer is one who deceives,
                       manipulates, and delights to control others and does so by demonic enablement. Peter
                       identified the basis for Simon’s sorcery as bitterness---the deepening effect of
                       unforgiveness (verse 2). Here is warning regarding the danger of tolerated or embraced
                       unforgiveness, which may, like poison, permeate and bind the soul, ultimately corrupting
                       everything around it. In Simon’s case, his bitterness shaped his passion to control others
                       (verse 19)---which prompted his quest to purchase the ability to impart the gift of the
                       Holy Spirit. Though having believed and been baptized (verse 13), the residue of his past
                       bondage surfaces as he unworthily seeks power to manipulate others for self-exalting
                       purposes.  Peter discerns the root  of his bondage (verse  23) and summons Simon to
                       repentance and deliverance. Though Simon did not repent, this episode still points to one
                       of the foremost keys to deliverance from entrenched bondage in a believer’s soul---the
                       act of unforgiveness. Forgiving others from our heart flushes out the “poison” with the
                       power of the Cross. In contrast, unforgiveness can, as with Simon, lead down paths we]]></page><page Index="11"><![CDATA[would never have imagined we could travel. (See Matthew 6:14-15; Colossians 3:13;
                       Hebrews 12:15-17.)

               Act 8:24  Then answered Simon, and said, Pray ye to the Lord for me, that none of these things
               which ye have spoken come upon me.

               As far as we know, Simon never becomes a notable believer.

               Act 8:25  And they, when they had testified and preached the word of the Lord, returned to
               Jerusalem, and preached the gospel in many villages of the Samaritans.

               Testimonies have a place where the Word is also taught.  Peter and John continue preaching in
               many of the small cities of Samaria and then return to Jerusalem.  Philip is still in Samaria and will
               receive supernatural instruction to go to Gaza.

               THE ETHIOPIAN EUNUCH (26-40)

               Next, an angel instructs Philip to take a road from Jerusalem to Gaza.  Philip obeys and comes
               upon an Ethiopian eunuch of great authority, reading the book of Isaiah.  In explaining the
               scripture, Philip preaches Jesus to the eunuch who receives Jesus and then asks Philip to baptize
               him in water.  The moment Philip and the eunuch come up out of the water, Philip is caught away
               by the Holy Spirit, and the eunuch goes his way rejoicing.  Philip is carried away by the spirit to
               Azotus, where he continues to preach from there all the way to Caesarea.

               THE ETHIOPIAN COMES TO WORSHIP

               Act 8:26  And the angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto
               the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert.

               Act 8:27  And he arose and went: and, behold, a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority
               under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her treasure, and had come to
               Jerusalem for to worship,

               The Ethiopian is third in power in  his kingdom and his treasurer to the queen.   He is very
               dedicated to his office, his call as a eunuch, and to the Lord.  When Philip finds him, the Ethiopian
               is searching for the Lord more than in a religious way.  The eunuch is searching the scriptures
               when Philip finds him.  He has become a Jewish proselyte and is traveling back from Jerusalem
               where he traveled for the express purpose of worship.  He had probably been there for six weeks,
               from Passover to Pentecost.

               His sincere desire to know the Lord causes the angel to give supernatural guidance to Philip.
               Because of one man’s desire to find God, God sends Philip miles out of his way to minister to him
               (compare Luke 7:1-10).

                       8:27  authority, dunastes (doo-nahs-tace); A high official, an important personage, a court
                       official, one invested with power,  a ruler, a sovereign, a prince, a royal minister, a]]></page><page Index="12"><![CDATA[potentate. (Compare “dynasty.”) Luke 1:52 suggests that the  dunastes  of the world
                       systems will be replaced by the Prince of Peace. In Acts 8:27, the dunastes only exists
                       during the reign of Candace, queen of Ethiopia. Jesus’ kingdom is a perpetual dunastes
                       without end.

               Act 8:28  Was returning, and sitting in his chariot read Esaias the prophet.

               The chariot is either moving  slowly or standing still.   The Ethiopian’s chariot is  similar to a
               stagecoach with a driver.  The eunuch is setting in the back of the chariot reading the Scriptures
               when Philip arrives.  Later, he will command the driver to stop the chariot (verse 38).

               PHILIP OBEYS THE SPIRIT

               Act 8:29  Then the Spirit said unto Philip, Go near, and join thyself to this chariot.

               Philip now understands why the Lord has sent him into the desert.  He does not know who the
               Ethiopian is, but it does not matter.  Philip is one man who has been responsible for the salvation
               of many in his home country.

               Act 8:30   And Philip ran thither to him, and heard  him read the prophet Esaias, and said,
               Understandest thou what thou readest?

               The Holy Spirit speaks to Philip and tells him to go to the chariot.  Again, Philip is quick to obey.
               He actually runs!  When he arrives, he hears the eunuch reading aloud at the very place of Isaiah’s
               prophecy.

               Act 8:31  And he said, How can I, except some man should guide me? And he desired Philip that
               he would come up and sit with him.

               This is the purpose of ministry, to guide, not to dominate or run the lives of others.  Guidance is
               still the cry of people today.  When we act under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, His job becomes
               ours.  He is sent to guide us into all truth.

               Act 8:32  The place of the scripture which he read was this, He was led as a sheep to the slaughter;
               and like a lamb dumb before his shearer, so opened he not his mouth:

               Act 8:33  In his humiliation his judgment was taken away: and who shall declare his generation?
               for his life is taken from the earth.

               Philip is quoting Isaiah 53:7-8 here.

               Act 8:34  And the eunuch answered Philip, and said, I pray thee, of whom speaketh the prophet
               this? of himself, or of some other man?
               The eunuch has been blinded by religion and Satan and is unable to understand the simplest of
               Scriptures (2 Corinthians 4:4).  God will use Philip to help lift the veil.]]></page><page Index="13"><![CDATA[Act 8:35  Then Philip opened his mouth, and began at the same scripture, and preached unto him
               Jesus.

               Philip preaches the crucifixion, death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus.

               THE EUNUCH IS BAPTIZED

               Act 8:36  And as they went on their way, they came unto a certain water: and the eunuch said,
               See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized?

               Philip also preaches water baptism to the eunuch, as he had to the Samaritans (verse 12).

               Act 8:37  And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered
               and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.

               Water baptism should come only after a person has believed on the Lord Jesus.  It is not part of
               salvation but an action that accompanies salvation.  Water baptism is an outward act showing
               the inward faith a person has toward the Lord; it is an outward expression of salvation, not part
               of the new birth.

               Act 8:38  And he commanded the chariot to stand still: and they went down both into the water,
               both Philip and the eunuch; and he baptized him.

               Water baptism is a complete immersion.  Philip and the eunuch both go into the water and after
               the eunuch is immersed, they both arise from the water, signifying the eunuch’s passage from
               spiritual death to life.

               PHILIP CAUGHT AWAY

               Act 8:39  And when they were come up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord caught away Philip,
               that the eunuch saw him no more: and he went on his way rejoicing.

               Although the Bible doesn’t tell the story, this man’s life influences all of Ethiopia.  For the next
               600 years, Ethiopia resists the Muslims.  Through the life of one man, the gospel infiltrated the
               government of his land.

               Act 8:40  But Philip was found at Azotus: and passing through he preached in all the cities, till he
               came to Caesarea.

               Azotus is the ancient city of Ashdod in Philistia.  The Greeks will be the next group of people Philip
               will evangelize.  Philip will then travel from Azotus up the northern coast.]]></page><page Index="14"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="15"/><page Index="16"/><page Index="17"><![CDATA[Chapter 9]]></page><page Index="18"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 9


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER NINE


               God’s mercy, forgiveness, and salvation are extended to all who will receive them, even to the
               worst of sinners.  No place in the Bible can we see this as clearly as we do with Saul, one of the
               biggest enemies of the early church.


               Saul’s dramatic conversion caused many to believe in Jesus Christ, and the letters written by
               the Holy Spirit through his hand still instruct and encourage saints today.

               Ananias’s willingness to obey God in ministering to Saul, even through the fear and doubt he
               experienced, is a lesson to us that our obedience can be the difference between heaven and
               hell for someone’s soul.  In leading a person to the Lord, we may never know in this lifetime
               how God might use that life to impact the kingdom of God.


               Even when faced with the most severe persecution, we must never stop boldly proclaiming
               Jesus Christ.

               Part of the salvation Jesus provided includes healing, and just as the healings of Aeneas and
               Dorcas in this chapter result in salvations, the same is true today of healings and miracles.  We
               believers need to be bold to do as the Bible instructs and lay hands on the sick and expect to
               see them recover.


               THE ROAD TO DAMASCUS (1-19)


               Saul is still threatening and murdering the disciples of Jesus.  He has gone to the high priest of
               the temple in Jerusalem and asked for letters to give to the leaders of the synagogues in
               Damascus.  These letters would give him the right to bind up any follower of Jesus and bring
               them back to Jerusalem.

               But as he approaches Damascus, a light shines from heaven, he falls to the ground, and he has a
               direct encounter with the Lord Jesus Christ.


               INTRODUCTION

               This chapter contrasts the emerging ministry of Saul (1-31) with the disappearing ministry of
               Peter (32-43).  Because of the deteriorating conditions in Jerusalem, Peter, who is called to the

               Jews, finds his calling moving toward the Gentiles, beginning at Caesarea.  In contrast, Saul’s
               main call will be to the emerging Gentile nations.  His call will also include the Jews, but Saul’s





                                                                                                            1]]></page><page Index="19"><![CDATA[main priority is the Gentiles (verse 15).  His ministry begins with the Gentiles and eventually
               leads to a few opportunities to minister to the Jews.

               In this chapter, Saul becomes the twelfth apostle.


               SAUL’S PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS


               Act 9:1 Then Saul, still breathing threats and murder against the disciples of the Lord,
                   went to the high priest

               In 1 Timothy 1:12-15, Saul refers to himself as the worst of all sinners because of his early
                   persecution of the church.  Prior to his conversion, his name is the same as that of King Saul
                   of the Old Testament.  Just as King Saul was possessed with hatred for David, this Saul is
                   possessed with hatred for the church and is breathing out his anger against it.

               Act 9:2  And desired of him letters to Damascus to the synagogues, that if he found any of this

               way, whether they were men or women, he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem.

               And desired of (from) him letters to Damascus to the synagogues, that if he found any of this
               way (5:20: “. . . this life”), whether they were men or women, he might bring them bound unto
               Jerusalem.

               Damascus is 150 miles north of Jerusalem.  This shows Saul’s dedication to arrest Christians and
               put them in jail.


               A LIGHT FROM HEAVEN


               Act 9:3  And as he journeyed, he came near Damascus: and suddenly there shined round about
               him a light from heaven:

               The light mentioned in this verse is the glory of God manifesting, and it causes Saul to fall to the
               ground.

               Act 9:4  And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest

               thou me?

               Saul was so stubborn Jesus had to lay him on his back to get his attention.  When Saul
               persecutes the church, he is persecuting the Lord Jesus himself.  Jesus did not say, “Why are
               you persecuting Christians?”  (See Matthew 25:40).


               JESUS SPEAKS

               Act 9:5  And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest:
               it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.





                                                                                                            2]]></page><page Index="20"><![CDATA[And he said, Who art thou, Lord?  And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: [it is]
               hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

               The phrase “. . . it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks” is not found in many of the oldest
               manuscripts.  The Greek word for “pricks” means an ox goad.  The Lord had been goading Saul
               like a farmer goads a plowing ox headed in the wrong direction.  A rebellious ox will turn and

               kick against the goad.  The idea behind goading an ox is that the farmer knows best.

               The Lord knows what is best, and Saul has reached a crossroads in his life.  He will either
               continue to kick against the goad and be put to death like a rebellious ox, or he will submit his
               will to God’s.  Saul has reached the end of God’s patience towards him.  If Saul is not stopped or
               is unwilling to change, many more Christians will die at his command, and the work of the Lord
               will suffer great harm.


               Saul asks who is speaking to him.  He is confused because he realizes it is the Lord but does not
               know who the Lord is.  He has fought the concept that Jesus Christ is the Lord Jehovah.  Now
               that he has experienced a taste of God’s power, he is willing to ask and except any answer he
               receives.  Saul, who has worshiped the Lord for many years, misunderstood who the Lord was.
               He had been worshiping the Lord of religion.  He is now confronted by what he had feared, the
               Lord is Jesus Christ.


               SAUL OBEYS

               Act 9:6  And he trembling and astonished said, Lord, what wilt thou have me to do? And the

               Lord said unto him, Arise, and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do.

               Act 9:7  And the men which journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing a voice, but seeing
               no man.

               The men with Saul do not see the vision he has.  They do hear the sound of a voice, but cannot
               distinguish the words that are spoken.  This also happened in Jesus’ ministry when God spoke
               to him from heaven; some in the crowd heard the voice as thunder and others as the voice of

               an angel (John 12: 28-29).!

               Act 9:8  And Saul arose from the earth; and when his eyes were opened, he saw no man: but
               they led him by the hand, and brought him into Damascus.


               Saul is immediately obedient to the command of the Lord.  He now becomes submissive to the
               one he has fought for many years.  Saul opens his natural eyes and is blind.  This is part of the
               divine plan of the Lord.  God wants Saul to experience three days of natural blindness as a
               demonstration of the spiritual blindness Saul walked in his entire life (1 John 4:4).






                                                                                                            3]]></page><page Index="21"><![CDATA[Even though Saul believes himself to be a spiritual leader, he is really in the position of a blind
               person leading the blind (Matthew 15:14).  Religion and its leaders are blind.  Those who follow
               religion are blind and head toward hell and ultimately to the Lake of Fire.  Saul is physically
               experiencing the blindness he has walked in for so many years.

               During these early days, Saul does not eat or drink, but prays until Ananias comes and lays

               hands on him for the recovery of his sight.

               ANANIAS INSTRUCTED TO GO TO SAUL


               Act 9:9  And he was three days without sight, and neither did eat nor drink.

               Act 9:10  And there was a certain disciple at Damascus, named Ananias; and to him said the
               Lord in a vision, Ananias. And he said, Behold, I am here, Lord.

               The name “Ananias” means protected by the Lord.  He is not in the fivefold ministry.  He is a

               layman, a church worker the Lord uses to point Saul in the right direction.

               Because of his arrogance, Saul might expect a minister from the local church like Peter, John, or
               one of the original disciples to come and lay hands on him.  But God wants Saul to learn early
               the power of any man or woman dedicated to the Lord.  A man’s position and power before he
               is born-again is of no value to the Lord.  God will invest much time to work the religious
               background and pride out of Saul of Tarsus.  Just as Moses had to learn humility in the backside
               of the wilderness, Saul also learns humility and becomes the apostle Paul.


               Ananias is referred to as a “certain” disciple because God uses him to direct one of God’s most
               influential ministers (22:12-13).  Ananias receives a vision from God (2:17) and is obedient to it.
               He also understands grace and will lay hands on Saul, yet will keep this fact hidden from others.
               Most men, if given this task would brag about being used by God to lay hands on a figure as
               prominent as Saul of Tarsus.  But Ananias is humble, and God knows he can be trusted.


               Act 9:11  And the Lord said unto him, Arise, and go into the street which is called Straight, and
               enquire in the house of Judas for one called Saul, of Tarsus: for, behold, he prayeth,

               All but one street in Damascus wound and curved through the city.  This street was called
               “Straight Street” and still exists in Damascus today, one of the oldest cities in the world.


               Saul is still blind and still praying, waiting to hear from the Lord.  He refuses to move until he
               knows with a certainty he is responding to the will of God.  Saul continues to be obedient to
               what he knows, which is very little.









                                                                                                            4]]></page><page Index="22"><![CDATA[Act 9:12  And hath seen in a vision a man named Ananias coming in, and putting his hand on
               him, that he might receive his sight.

               God prepares both Saul, who will be prayed for, and Ananias, who does the praying.  God in His
               goodness verifies His will with both parties involved.  God will do the same thing with Peter and
               Cornelius when the new birth and infilling come to the city of Caesarea in chapter 10.


               Distance does not bother the Lord.  In matters of great importance, He will work over many
               miles to verify His will.

               Act 9:13  Then Ananias answered, Lord, I have heard by many of this man, how much evil he

               hath done to thy saints at Jerusalem:

               Saul has saturated the city of Jerusalem with his evil toward believers, and his reputation has
               spread to many cities.  Ananias has also heard in advance of the coming persecution Saul is
               bringing to the saints at Damascus.

               Act 9:14  And here he hath authority from the chief priests to bind all that call on thy name.


               The answer Ananias gives is typical of many that God speaks to.  He immediately begins to
               expound on the circumstances from his human viewpoint.  He informs God of the details as if
               God is completely ignorant of the circumstances.  In verses 15 and 16, God gives Ananias the
               divine viewpoint.

               ANANIAS OBEYS THE LORD’S COMMAND


               Act 9:15  But the Lord said unto him, Go thy way: for he is a chosen vessel unto me, to bear my
               name before the Gentiles, and kings, and the children of Israel:


               God doesn’t give Ananias any more information.  Even though Ananias is reluctant, God simply
               instructs him to go.

               Saul will “bear” the Lord’s name.  The Greek word for “bear” is bastazo, which means to lift
               with the hands a flag or standard.  God reveals to Ananias something that will not be seen for
               another 15 years: First, Saul (Paul) will carry the gospel to the Gentiles, Romans and Greeks.
               Second, he will carry the gospel to kings, Nero and Agrippa.  Finally, he will carry redemption to
               the children of Israel, the religious leaders of Gentile capitals and Jerusalem.


               God lists these according to their priority.  God’s main call on Paul’s life is to carry the gospel to
               the Gentiles.  Paul will eventually become confused through pride and put ministering to the
               Jewish people above ministering to the Gentiles.  Because of it Paul will end up being
               shipwrecked and thrown into prison for five years.






                                                                                                            5]]></page><page Index="23"><![CDATA[Act 9:16  For I will shew him how great things he must suffer for my name's sake.

               Before Paul ever ministers, God shows him that he will suffer greatly.


               Act 9:17  And Ananias went his way, and entered into the house; and putting his hands on him
               said, Brother Saul, the Lord, even Jesus, that appeared unto thee in the way as thou camest,
               hath sent me, that thou mightest receive thy sight, and be filled with the Holy Ghost.

               This is one of the first recorded cases of laying on of hands by someone outside of the fivefold
               ministry.  Peter and John have laid hands on the Samaritans to receive the Holy Spirit (8:17), but
               until now, no layman has used this ministry.  However, the ministry of laying on of hands is

               available to all believers (Mark 16:18) and Ananias uses it to lift the scales from Saul’s eyes and
               get him filled with the Holy Spirit.  (Jesus must have instructed him to lay his hands on Saul).

               Ananias also calls Saul “brother.”  Ananias took the Lord at His word.  Saul is now a believer and
               called into the ministry.  Ananias has to forget everything he had heard about Saul and refuse
               to be moved by what he sees.  He chooses to accept the word of the Holy Spirit.

                       9:17 The Apostle Paul Is Filled with the Holy Spirit, HOLY SPIRIT FULLNESS.  Saul of

                       Tarsus was filled with the Holy Spirit as a result of Ananias’s receiving a vision (verse 10).
                       Saul (later Paul the apostle) was filled with the Holy Spirit as Ananias laid hands on him.
                       The accompanying sign recorded here was the return of Saul’s sight (verse 18). Some
                       also note that the apostle Paul valued the fact that he spoke with other tongues (1
                       Corinthians 14:18), so the absence of mentioning as much here might be interpreted as
                       1) evidence of the commonality of this experience in the early church---not necessarily
                       requiring mention every time; or 2) that this followed later in Paul’s experience.

               SAUL’S EYES OPENED


               Act 9:18  And immediately there fell from his eyes as it had been scales: and he received sight
               forthwith, and arose, and was baptized.


               Saul’s eyes are immediately opened as if someone has lifted blinders from them.

               Act 9:19  And when he had received meat, he was strengthened. Then was Saul certain days
               with the disciples which were at Damascus.


               Saul’s first teacher is Ananias.  Next, he is taught by disciples in Damascus.  None of the
               disciples who instructs Saul are well-known in the churches.  At this time, there is not even an
               organized church in Damascus, even though there is a great concentration of believers.









                                                                                                            6]]></page><page Index="24"><![CDATA[In Galatians 1:17, Paul writes that he does not counsel with anyone who was an apostle.  The
               disciples in Damascus lay a foundation in him of the simple truths of the Word of God and the
               new birth.  Although Saul is very knowledgeable about the Old Testament, he is a baby and the
               kingdom of God.

               Many of the gaps in Saul’s timeline from this period can be filled in by also looking at Galatians

               1.  After Saul is instructed by Ananias and many of the disciples, he leaves Damascus and travels
               to Arabia in the desert (Galatians 1:17).  He then returns to Damascus (Galatians 1:17; Acts
               9:23-25) were he receives death threats from the Jews who lived there.  Saul then travels to
               Jerusalem after escaping from Damascus by a rope over the wall (Galatians 1:18; Acts 9:26-29).
               Then, from Jerusalem, he travels to Tarsus (9:30-31) and there spends six to nine years.

               SAUL PREACHES (20-22)


               Saul immediately begins preaching Jesus is the Son of God in the synagogues of Damascus.  Saul
               continues to increase in strength, confounding the Jews in Damascus and proving Jesus is the
               Christ.


               Act 9:20  And straightway he preached Christ in the synagogues, that he is the Son of God.

               And straightway (immediately) he preached Christ (Greek: Jesus) in the synagogues, that he is
               the Son of God.

               As a new convert, Saul is eager to preach.  He proclaims Jesus in the only place he knows to

               preach, the synagogue.  Since his audience knows him well, they are shocked and begin to
               spread the news that Saul is now a Christian and preaching the gospel he once refuted.

                       9:20 preached, kerusso (kay-roos-oh); To herald, tell abroad, publish, propagate,
                       publicly proclaim, exhort, callout with a clear voice, communicate, preach. The herald is
                       to give a public announcement of an official message and to issue whatever demands
                       the message entails. The Christian herald is to proclaim the message of salvation
                       through Jesus Christ and issue a summons to repent and receive forgiveness of sins.


               Act 9:21  But all that heard him were amazed, and said; Is not this he that destroyed them
               which called on this name in Jerusalem, and came hither for that intent, that he might bring
               them bound unto the chief priests?


               These Jewish religious leaders in Damascus are shocked to hear of Paul’s change from Judaism
               to Christianity on his short journey from Jerusalem to Damascus.  They had expected him to
               speak of arrests and prison terms for Christians, but instead they hear his testimony.








                                                                                                            7]]></page><page Index="25"><![CDATA[Act 9:22  But Saul increased the more in strength, and confounded the Jews which dwelt at
               Damascus, proving that this is very Christ.

               But Saul increased the more in strength, and confounded the Jews which dwelt at Damascus,
               proving (demonstrating) that this is very (indeed) Christ.


               Saul increased in spiritual strength, the ability to preach the gospel with greater clarity, and in
               the teaching of the Word of God.  The very scriptures Saul once used to teach against Jesus he
               now used as a defense for Jesus.  His demonstration of the gospel to the Jews had to be signs
               and wonders.  Just as Stephen had performed miracles in the sight of the Jewish leaders (6:8),
               Saul is now teaching and preaching the same Old Testament as a defense of Jesus and
               performing the same miracles, signs, and wonders.


               SAUL ESCAPES TO JERUSALEM (23-31)

               Between verses 22 and 23, Saul travels to Arabia for a time (Galatians 1:17).  When he gets

               back, the Jews at Damascus plot to kill Saul, but he is helped to escape and he flees to
               Jerusalem.

               Once there, Saul tries to join the disciples, but they do not believe he has truly converted.
               Barnabas comes to Saul’s defense, confirming that he has truly had an encounter with the Lord
               and has been boldly preaching in Damascus in the name of Jesus.

               The Hellenists in Jerusalem try to kill Saul, and when the believers learn of it, they take him to

               Caesarea and then send him to Tarsus.  Following this, the churches throughout Judea, Galilee,
               and Samaria have peace and are multiplied.

               THE DISCIPLES HELP SAUL ESCAPE


               Act 9:23  And after that many days were fulfilled, the Jews took counsel to kill him:

               Saul was in Arabia for the “many days” referred to in this verse.  He now returns to Damascus
               and the Jews decide the only way to eliminate this situation is to kill Saul.


               Act 9:24  But their laying await was known of Saul. And they watched the gates day and night to
               kill him.

               Either one of the disciples learn of the Jews’ plot or it is revealed to Saul through a word of
               knowledge, and the Jews are watching the gates (main entrance and exit of the city) day and
               night.  They are so infuriated with Saul they are ready to kill him even in broad daylight.


               Act 9:25  Then the disciples took him by night, and let him down by the wall in a basket.






                                                                                                            8]]></page><page Index="26"><![CDATA[The disciples let Saul down by a rope usually used to transfer people from one ship to another
               at sea.  Saul is let down over the wall in a remote area where it is difficult for anyone to observe
               his escape.  This location is far from the gates, and the Jews watch for many days, not realizing
               Saul has already escaped.

               BARNABAS CONFIRMS SAUL’S CONVERSION


               Act 9:26  And when Saul was come to Jerusalem, he assayed to join himself to the disciples: but
               they were all afraid of him, and believed not that he was a disciple.


               These are the same disciples Saul had tried to kill just a few years earlier.  They still fear him.

               Act 9:27  But Barnabas took him, and brought him to the apostles, and declared unto them how
               he had seen the Lord in the way, and that he had spoken to him, and how he had preached
               boldly at Damascus in the name of Jesus.


               Barnabas is a forgiving man.  He operates in the grace of God (4:30) and will be the one who
               quickly forgives John Mark when he fails on the first missionary journey (15:38-39).  He now
               defends this new convert before his accusers.  Barnabas most likely reminded them of the grace
               of God, which extends forgiveness and salvation to them.

               Every child of God begins as a sinner and we cannot blame or condemn others for their evil
               past.  Once a sinner has confessed Jesus, it doesn’t take long before the fruits of his
               righteousness become apparent.  Saul has demonstrated these fruits of righteousness in his life.

               Barnabas testifies to the reality of it is as evidenced in Paul’s preaching, teaching, and the signs
               and wonders performed through him in the city of Damascus.

               Act 9:28  And he was with them coming in and going out at Jerusalem.


               Saul wins the confidence of the people by association before he ever speaks in the church at
               Jerusalem.

               Act 9:29  And he spake boldly in the name of the Lord Jesus, and disputed against the Grecians:
               but they went about to slay him.

               And he spoke boldly in the name of the Lord Jesus, and disputed against the Grecians
               (Hellenists: Greek-speaking Jews): but they went about to slay him.


               Apparently, the church has experienced trouble with the Hellenistic leaders.  They can handle
               the religious Jews, but the converted Jews could debate them and win!  Saul however argues so
               convincingly against them, they resort to violence in an attempt to stop him.

               Saul’s gift is to the Gentiles (Galatians 2:7) as revealed in this verse.





                                                                                                            9]]></page><page Index="27"><![CDATA[SAUL SENT TO TARSUS


               Act 9:30  Which when the brethren knew, they brought him down to Caesarea, and sent him
               forth to Tarsus.

               Just as the believers had at Damascus, the believers at Jerusalem now help Saul escape with his
               life.


               Act 9:31  Then had the churches rest throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria, and were
               edified; and walking in the fear of the Lord, and in the comfort of the Holy Ghost, were
               multiplied.

               This was the immediate purpose for Saul’s conversion.  The chief leader of the persecution is
               now a believer and the Jews have to go home, lick their wounds, and regroup.  During this time
               there is great peace in the body of Christ and souls are won and discipled with little or no
               persecution.


                       9:31 comfort, paraklesis (par-ak-lay-sis); A calling alongside to help, to comfort, to give
                       consolation or encouragement.  The paraklete is a strengthening presence, one who
                       upholds those appealing for assistance.  Paraklesis (comfort) can come to us both by the
                       Holy Spirit (verse 31) and by the Scriptures (Romans 15:4).

               AENEAS AND TABITHA (32-43)


               Act 9:32  And it came to pass, as Peter passed throughout all quarters, he came down also to
               the saints which dwelt at Lydda.


               Lydda is the same place as Lud in 1 Chronicles 1:17.

               Act 9:33  And there he found a certain man named Aeneas, which had kept his bed eight years,
               and was sick of the palsy.

               Aeneas has been paralyzed for eight years and is bedfast.  Since verse 32 says Peter passed
               through and came to the “saints” at Lydda, it seems Aeneas is already a believer.


               Act 9:34  And Peter said unto him, Aeneas, Jesus Christ maketh thee whole: arise, and make thy
               bed. And he arose immediately.

               And Peter said unto him, Aeneas, Jesus Christ maketh (Greek: has made) thee whole: arise, and
               make thy bed.  And he arose immediately.











                                                                                                           10]]></page><page Index="28"><![CDATA[Peter introduces Jesus as the healer of Aeneas’body.  The same redemption that forgave sin
               also heals the man’s body (Psalm 103:3).  Aeneas needs to accept his healing just as he received
               his righteousness.

               Act 9:35  And all that dwelt at Lydda and Saron saw him, and turned to the Lord.


               This is the Valley of Sharon, which produces grapes and other crops.  In this place of great
               commerce, Aeneas is well known.  When people witness he is now walking, many accept the
               Lord as their Savior.  Again, signs and wonders serve as a tool to bring people to salvation.

               The healing and consequent salvations here parallel the results Philip participates in at Samaria

               in chapter 8.  Many times the book of Acts records an act of healing which results in a revival
               and great multitudes being saved.

                       9:32-35 Power Evangelism, GOD’S POWER MINISTRY.  There is a clear pattern in the NT
                       in which evangelism or even mass evangelism follows demonstrations of God’s kingdom
                       power (Mark 16:14-20; Acts 5:12, 14; 9:35, 42; 13:4-12; 19:11-20). Faith in the power of
                       God in parentheses 1 Corinthians 2:1-5; 4:20) or “power evangelism” does not diminish
                       the importance of preaching about sin, the Cross, or Christ’s resurrection. It does affirm

                       that seeing God act opens people’s hearts. Once their hearts are opened, we can more
                       fully instruct them (Acts 18:24-26). As we are available to be used of God in this way, we
                       need to be aware that the words and works of God function together (John 14:8-11); we
                       cannot “use” God to make Him act for us; and seeing signs and wonders does not
                       convince everyone (Matthew 11:20-24).

               TABITHA RAISED FROM THE DEAD


               Act 9:36  Now there was at Joppa a certain disciple named Tabitha, which by interpretation is
               called Dorcas: this woman was full of good works and almsdeeds which she did.

               Tabitha’s name means “gazelle.”  She is apparently very pretty and gracious.  She is known
               throughout the area for her care of other Christians and her giving to the poor.


                       9:36 Practical Ministry (Dorcas), BIBLICAL WOMEN.  Dorcas was a devout and
                       compassionate woman whose acts of generosity improved the quality of life for the
                       disenfranchised in the community. Her concern extended beyond prayer to various sorts
                       of practical service. She is noted for her aid to the poor, in particular to widows, for
                       whom she served and did noble deeds (Proverbs 31:20). The great display of sorrow at
                       her sudden death show the level of esteem held for her and conveyed her value in the
                       community (Hebrews 6:10). The urgent plea to Peter, who raised her from the dead,

                       speaks of the integral role God had given her in meeting the needs of those who relied





                                                                                                           11]]></page><page Index="29"><![CDATA[on her acts of charity (Proverbs 19:17; Matthew 25:40). Through her ministry of service,
                       the faith community experience the manifested love of God.

               Act 9:37  And it came to pass in those days, that she was sick, and died: whom when they had
               washed, they laid her in an upper chamber.


               And it came to pass in those days, that she was sick (astheneo), and died (suddenly died):
               whom when they had washed, they laid her in an upper chamber (upstairs bedroom).

               Her sickness had been progressive.  The Greek word for sickness, astheneo, means to be weak
               or sickly (James 5:14).  Apparently, Dorcas had become sick and, over several days, became

               weak.  No one had been overly concerned about her because they do not realize the
               seriousness of her condition until she dies suddenly.  She is laid in an upstairs bedroom until she
               can be buried.

               Her situation is similar to what had transpired with Lazarus.  When Peter arrived, she has not
               been dead for as long as Lazarus had been, but she has been dead long enough for people to
               know.  There is no way her death could be mistaken for a coma.  She will be raised from the
               dead, and everyone will know it.


               Act 9:38  And forasmuch as Lydda was nigh to Joppa, and the disciples had heard that Peter was
               there, they sent unto him two men, desiring him that he would not delay to come to them.

               Peter will go and raise Dorcas from the dead because messengers have been sent to him about
               her death.  Peter responds because of a need.  In the next story, Peter will be prepared by the
               Lord through a vision to meet a need in Caesarea.  Whether we have a vision or not, God wants
               us to use the authority He has given us to bring deliverance to people.


               Act 9:39  Then Peter arose and went with them. When he was come, they brought him into the
               upper chamber: and all the widows stood by him weeping, and shewing the coats and garments
               which Dorcas made, while she was with them.

               Many who come for healing tried to prove their worth but are no more worthy to receive

               healing then they are salvation.  Even when the Jews were sent to represent the Roman
               centurion, they besought Jesus by saying the centurion was working (Luke 7:3-5).  However,
               worthiness is never a requirement for healing or salvation.  Peter does not raise Dorcas from
               the dead because of her good deeds but because of the finished work of Jesus.  Peter had just
               healed a man who was lame and paralyzed.  Because of his condition, this man had been
               unable to do any good works or give to the poor.  In fact, he had probably even begged for
               years, yet Jesus healed him.  The same will occur with Dorcas.








                                                                                                           12]]></page><page Index="30"><![CDATA[Act 9:40  But Peter put them all forth, and kneeled down, and prayed; and turning him to the
               body said, Tabitha, arise. And she opened her eyes: and when she saw Peter, she sat up.

               In the story of Jarius’s daughter, Jesus had removed the mourners because of their unbelief and
               ridicule (Matthew 9:25).  However, Peter removes the mourners here because they confuse the
               issue.


               Act 9:41  And he gave her his hand, and lifted her up, and when he had called the saints and
               widows, presented her alive.

               Peter touches her hand, then takes it to lift Dorcas up.


               MANY BELIEVED

               Act 9:42  And it was known throughout all Joppa; and many believed in the Lord.


               Again, the purpose of miracles, signs, and wonders is to bring about the greatest miracle of all:
               salvation.  Signs and wonders are not an end in themselves, but a means to an end -- the new
               birth.

               Act 9:43  And it came to pass, that he tarried many days in Joppa with one Simon a tanner.


               A tanner is one who deals with the hides of animals.  According to Jewish law, a tanner is
               unclean because to tan animal hides requires dead (unclean) animals to be touched.  Peter is
               staying in the home of a man whose shop would be forbidden to enter by many Peter knows in
               Jerusalem.  Because Peter has raised Dorcas from the dead, the people have opened their city
               and this particular home to him, Peter is staying with the tanner as an act of courtesy for the
               people of Joppa.  Not only is the home considered unclean, the smells in the home are probably
               offensive.  This is a good place for God to give Peter a house top vision and open his eyes to the

               needs of the “unclean” people, the Gentiles.


























                                                                                                           13]]></page><page Index="31"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="32"><![CDATA[]]></page><page Index="33"><![CDATA[Chapter 10]]></page><page Index="34"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 10


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER TEN


               Just like Cornelius, there are people who have hearts toward God that have not yet heard the
               message of salvation.  We must always remember God is searching for hearts that hunger after
               Him, regardless of how they look or talk.  We must always guard against prejudice, exclusivity,
               and disrespect of people because of their nationality, race, gender, or social status.  Obeying
               God and the leading of the Holy Spirit ministering to all people should be a vital and integral
               part of our daily Christian life.


               SNAPSHOT


               In fulfillment of Jesus’ promise in Acts 1:8, witnesses have taken the gospel to “Jerusalem [the
               Jews]” (Chapter 2), and “Judea [the Samaritans]” (Chapter 8).  Now, in Acts 10, They will now
               take the gospel to “the uttermost part of the earth.”

               In this chapter, Peter will receive a clearer understanding of God’s will for the entire world.  But
               while Peter’s vision is becoming clearer, the vision of the church at Jerusalem is becoming more
               clouded.  In Acts 11, Peter will be challenged about ministering to the Gentiles, because church

               leaders have forgotten the admonition of Jesus.  They do eventually recover, but only
               temporarily.  Seeds of discrimination and bigotry have already arisen in the church against
               other nations receiving the goodness and blessing of the Lord.

               AN ANGEL APPEARS TO CORNELIUS (1-8)


               Cornelius is a devout man who prays and is generous in giving money to those in need.  An
               angel appears to him instructing him to send a delegation to find Peter.  Cornelius obeys and
               sends men to Joppa

               THE CITY OF CAESAREA


               Herod the Great built Caesarea as a seaport for the Jews.  It took Herod 10 years to dredge the
               cliffs along the Mediterranean before he could build this great city.  He then named the city
               after his close friend, Julius Caesar.


               When the Romans took over Palestine, they made Caesarea their headquarters.  It then
               became despised by the Jews because it represented heathenism to them.  Greek culture took
               over, and the city later became the nerve center of the Gentile world.






                                                                                                            1]]></page><page Index="35"><![CDATA[THE VISION


               Act 10:1  There was a certain man in Caesarea called Cornelius, a centurion of the band called
               the Italian band,

               Cornelius was a leader among the Roman armies.  Since he was from Caesarea, he was probably
               part of the general’s staff.  He is called a “certain man” and will become a major key to the
               revival and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the Gentiles.


               Act 10:2  A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave much alms to
               the people, and prayed to God alway.

               Although Cornelius is sincere open (verses 22, 35, 37), he is an unbeliever (11:14; 15:7-8).
               However, he has a genuine desire to know the Lord, and out of his heart he cries to God to
               know Him.  Cornelius wants someone to bring him the message of righteousness and is an
               example of someone consciously wanting to know the Lord.


               Because of his heart’s cry, God is under obligation to send someone to Cornelius.  God will give
               the assignment to Peter.  The motivation behind Cornelius’ prayers and giving to the Lord was a
               heart of love.

               Act 10:3  He saw in a vision evidently about the ninth hour of the day an angel of God coming in
               to him, and saying unto him, Cornelius.


               Three o’clock in the afternoon is the Jewish time of prayer.  It is amazing that a Gentile, a
               Roman, would observe this tradition.  It shows that Cornelius had probably researched
               salvation as much as possible by looking into Jewish traditions.

               Act 10:4  And when he looked on him, he was afraid, and said, What is it, Lord? And he said

               unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God.

               Memorial represents intent.  This word “memorial” is also used in Mark 14:9 and Matthew
               26:13 when Mary of Bethany broke the ointment over Jesus’ head.  Jesus had called it a
               memorial of His burial and resurrection.  In this passage, Cornelius’s memorial is prayer and
               giving with an attitude of devotion and worship.

                       10:4  Compassion for the Poor, SERVING HUMAN NEED.  Cornelius earnestly desired to

                       know God. Not only did he pray, but also he put his faith into action through giving alms
                       (gifts) to the poor. Cornelius was similar to other godly men and women throughout
                       history who have been “full of good works and charitable deeds”(9:36). When we have a
                       right relationship with God we have compassion for the poor that motivates us to give







                                                                                                            2]]></page><page Index="36"><![CDATA[them practical help. Cornelius’s actions drew God’s favorable attention, and they serve
                       as an example for us.

               Act 10:5  And now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, whose surname is Peter:


               Joppa is another seaport were Jews preferred to stay.  It is a smaller, natural seaport, thirty
               miles south of Caesarea.  Cornelius, a soldier high in the Roman aristocracy sends for Peter, a
               low-class, Jewish fishermen.

               Act 10:6  He lodgeth with one Simon a tanner, whose house is by the sea side: he shall tell thee
               what thou oughtest to do.


               Since these men are not from Joppa and Peter is lodging temporarily in the city, the angel is
               exact in describing Peter’s location.  He does not want Cornelius’ men to be wasting time
               searching for him.  Because Joppa is not Peter’s hometown and very few people knew where he
               was staying, it would have been difficult for the men to find him if they had not been directed
               by the angel.

               CORNELIUS OBEYS


               Act 10:7  And when the angel which spake unto Cornelius was departed, he called two of his
               household servants, and a devout soldier of them that waited on him continually;


               Cornelius obeys immediately.  He sends three men (verse 19) to find Peter and bring him to
               Caesarea.

               Act 10:8  And when he had declared all these things unto them, he sent them to Joppa.

               Apparently, these men start their journey late in the day and have to stop and spend the night

               on their way to Joppa (verse 9).

               PETER’S VISION(9-23)


               The next day, as Peter is on the housetop praying, he has a vision of a sheet lowered to the
               earth filled with animals that, according to Jewish tradition, are unclean.  This happens three
               times accompanied by a voice from heaven.  As Peter is pondering the meaning of this vision,
               the men Cornelius has sent arrive.  Peter goes with them to Caesarea.

               THE HOUSETOP


               Act 10:9  On the morrow, as they went on their journey, and drew nigh unto the city, Peter
               went up upon the housetop to pray about the sixth hour:







                                                                                                            3]]></page><page Index="37"><![CDATA[in that day, it was common to have gardens on your rooftops.  In 2 Samuel 11:2, David was
               walking on the rooftop when he saw Bathsheba.  In Matthew 24:17, Jesus warned those alive
               during the tribulation to come down from the rooftops.

               Peter has gone to the rooftop at noontime.  It is a tranquil place for Peter to relax and pray.


               While the men sent by Cornelius resumed their journey and approach Joppa, Peter is praying.

               Act 10:10  And he became very hungry, and would have eaten: but while they made ready, he
               fell into a trance,


               Peter is trying to pray but smells the lunch being prepared in the home below.  While waiting
               for the cooks to call him, he slips into a trance.  This is an open vision where the functions of his
               body are suspended.

               Act 10:11  And saw heaven opened, and a certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a
               great sheet knit at the four corners, and let down to the earth:


               The “open” heaven is the opening of the curtain that separates the spiritual realm from the
               natural.  This is the meaning of the name revelation (apoka-lupsis).  This sheet is immense, and
               all four corners are tied at the top.  Like being held by a giant hand from the knot at the top,
               this sheet is let down to the earth and opens when it touches the ground.

               Act 10:12  Wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts of the earth, and wild beasts, and
               creeping things, and fowls of the air.


               These “beasts” are all unclean animals that are forbidden to be eaten according to Old
               Testament law.

               Act 10:13  And there came a voice to him, Rise, Peter; kill, and eat.


               In Greek, these are three commands given in the imperative mood: rise, kill, eat.

               Act 10:14  But Peter said, Not so, Lord; for I have never eaten any thing that is common or
               unclean.

               Peter knows the voice of the Lord, but also knows the commandments of the Old Testament.
               He is resisting the voice of the Lord, and must be greatly confused by the vision and the

               command.

               Act 10:15  And the voice spake unto him again the second time, What God hath cleansed, that
               call not thou common.








                                                                                                            4]]></page><page Index="38"><![CDATA[God is preparing Peter to help the Gentiles come to know the Lord.  When God cleanses a
               person through the new birth, their nationality becomes insignificant.  At the very moment God
               is preparing Peter for the arrival of Cornelius’s men at the house, the house of Cornelius is
               preparing for the arrival of Peter.  God is working on both ends of this visitation.

               Act 10:16  This was done thrice: and the vessel was received up again into heaven.


               Peter is acquainted with the grace of God, but he still harbors many prejudices against the
               Gentile people.  This vision will be answered in a few minutes as the group from Caesarea is
               arriving at this very moment.

               PETER SOUGHT OUT


               Act 10:17  Now while Peter doubted in himself what this vision which he had seen should mean,
               behold, the men which were sent from Cornelius had made enquiry for Simon's house, and
               stood before the gate,


               Peter is perplexed because God asked him to do something contrary to the law, which was part
               of God’s Word.  He does not fully understand the change in dispensations.

               Act 10:18  And called, and asked whether Simon, which was surnamed Peter, were lodged
               there.


               And called (shouted), and asked whether Simon, which was surnamed (nicknamed) Peter, were
               lodged there.

               Act 10:19  While Peter thought on the vision, the Spirit said unto him, Behold, three men seek
               thee.


               Peter cannot hear the men shouting because the gate is a great distance from the house.  Also,
               Peter is concentrating on the vision and is not aware of the men.

               Act 10:20  Arise therefore, and get thee down, and go with them, doubting nothing: for I have
               sent them.


               The Holy Spirit tells Peter of Cornelius’ men and their arrival.  Not only has the Holy Spirit
               prepared both sides for their meeting, he alerts Peter the time has arrived to meet.  The Holy
               Spirit instructs Peter not to doubt.  He is to go meet the men in faith.

               Act 10:21  Then Peter went down to the men which were sent unto him from Cornelius; and
               said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek: what is the cause wherefore ye are come?









                                                                                                            5]]></page><page Index="39"><![CDATA[Although the Holy Spirit tells Peter of the men and their arrival, He does not inform Peter about
               their mission.  Peter has to ask them a question.

               Act 10:22  And they said, Cornelius the centurion, a just man, and one that feareth God, and of
               good report among all the nation of the Jews, was warned from God by an holy angel to send
               for thee into his house, and to hear words of thee.


               And they said, Cornelius the centurion, a just (dikaios) man, and one that feareth (phobeo:
               references) God, and of good report (martureo: witness) among all the nation of the Jews, was
               warned from God by an holy (hagios) angel to send for thee into his house, and to hear words
               of (from) thee.


               These men give Peter all of Cornelius’s qualifications.  They attempt to convince Peter to go
               based on the man’s merits.  Although Peter does want to know something about Cornelius, he
               travels with them only because God has instructed him to do so.

               Act 10:23  Then called he them in, and lodged them. And on the morrow Peter went away with
               them, and certain brethren from Joppa accompanied him.


               The Lord is honoring Simon the tanner.  Although he is considered ceremonially unclean
               because he is a tanner, God allows him to witness an important moment in the spiritual history
               of the Gentile church.  Not only does he have Peter, the greatest spiritual leader of the Jewish
               church, in his home, Roman representatives from the house of Cornelius, a top ranking official
               in the Italian band, have come.  The very people who will witness the Holy Spirit’s transition
               into the Gentile nations are in Simon’s home.

               THE MEETING OF PETER AND CORNELIUS (24-33)


               Upon meeting Cornelius, a Gentile, Peter explains his vision and God’s instruction.  Peter then
               asks Cornelius to explain why he had been summoned.  Cornelius recounts the angel’s visitation
               four days earlier.


               CORNELIUS WAITS


               Act 10:24  And the morrow after they entered into Caesarea. And Cornelius waited for them,
               and had called together his kinsmen and near friends.

               And the morrow (morning) after (leaving Joppa) they entered into Caesarea.  And Cornelius
               waited for them, and had called together his kinsmen (relatives) and near (close) friends.











                                                                                                            6]]></page><page Index="40"><![CDATA[During the absence of his men, Cornelius had rounded up his relatives and close friends to hear
               the message Peter would bring.  He has never seen or heard of Peter but is relying completely
               on the report of the angel.

               Act 10:25  And as Peter was coming in, Cornelius met him, and fell down at his feet, and
               worshipped him.


               Cornelius knows better than to fall down and worship Peter, but he has been waiting three
               days, and it is customary to bow before an emperor.  He confuses the messenger with the God
               who sent him.


               Act 10:26  But Peter took him up, saying, Stand up; I myself also am a man.

               Peter immediately informs Cornelius that he is not a God nor is he the angel who spoke to him.

               Act 10:27  And as he talked with him, he went in, and found many that were come together.


               Peter is probably surprised to find a crowd waiting for him.

               JEWS AND GENTILES


               Act 10:28  And he said unto them, Ye know how that it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a
               Jew to keep company, or come unto one of another nation; but God hath shewed me that I
               should not call any man common or unclean.

               Peter’s tradition begins to arise as he sees the company awaiting him in the next room.  This
               was not the law but customs and traditions instituted by the legalistic religious leaders of Israel.
               The Mosaic law does not permit fellowship or marriage to the Gentiles, only to believers.


               Act 10:29  Therefore came I unto you without gainsaying, as soon as I was sent for: I ask
               therefore for what intent ye have sent for me?

               Peter let’s Cornelius know that despite his Jewish prejudice, he is quick to obey the Lord when
               He speaks.


               CORNELIUS RECOUNTS HIS VISION

               Act 10:30  And Cornelius said, Four days ago I was fasting until this hour; and at the ninth hour I
               prayed in my house, and, behold, a man stood before me in bright clothing,


               Act 10:31  And said, Cornelius, thy prayer is heard, and thine alms are had in remembrance in
               the sight of God.








                                                                                                            7]]></page><page Index="41"><![CDATA[Act 10:32  Send therefore to Joppa, and call hither Simon, whose surname is Peter; he is lodged
               in the house of one Simon a tanner by the sea side: who, when he cometh, shall speak unto
               thee.

               Act 10:33  Immediately therefore I sent to thee; and thou hast well done that thou art come.
               Now therefore are we all here present before God, to hear all things that are commanded thee

               of God.

               Cornelius explains to Peter that four days earlier, an angel appeared to him and instructed him
               to have Peter brought to Caesarea to share whatever God instructed him to share.  He then
               describes how the angel had given Peter’s name and where to find him.


               THE OUTPOURING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT ON THE GENTILES (34-48)

               Peter preaches to the household of Cornelius, and the Holy Spirit is poured out on all the
               Gentiles.  The Jews with Peter are astonished because they hear the Gentile believers speaking

               in tongues and magnifying God, just as they had.  The new converts are then baptized in water.

               PETER PREACHES

               Act 10:34  Then Peter opened his mouth, and said, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter

               (partiality) of persons:

               Peter knows this is true from the scripture, but now he sees it firsthand.  God does not judge
               anyone according to nationality, color, social status, or sex.


                       10:34 partiality, prosopoleptes (pros-oh-pol-ape-tace); a receiver of a face, one who
                       take sides, showing favoritism, exhibiting bias, showing discrimination, showing
                       partiality, treating one person better than another. While society makes distinctions
                       among people, God’s love and grace are available for all, and can be received by
                       anyone.

               Act 10:35  But in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with
               him.


               But in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh (ergozomai: works out) righteousness, is
               accepted with (by) him.

               This passage lines up with the verse of scripture Peter used in his sermon on the day of
               Pentecost from Joel 2:28.


               Act 10:36  The word which God sent unto the children of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ:
               (he is Lord of all:)




                                                                                                            8]]></page><page Index="42"><![CDATA[Jesus Christ is the Lord of all things, people, and nations (Colossians 1:16-21).  The purpose of
               the Old Testament is for the Jews to preach God’s message to the Gentiles, the message of
               reconciliation through Jesus Christ.  Old Testament and New, Jesus has always been the means
               of salvation, and reconciliation has always been the message in the Old Testament (Isaiah 52:7)
               and New Testament (Ephesians 2:17; Colossians 1:20).  This is the removal of the barrier of sin.
               Old Testament speaks of the reconciliation to come, and the New Testament says it has already

               been accomplished.

               Act 10:37  That word, I say, ye know, which was published throughout all Judaea, and began
               from Galilee, after the baptism which John preached;

               Peter reminds these Roman Gentiles the message of Jesus is nothing new; they know Jesus.
               They have heard of His miracles and teachings.  He not only came to the Jewish people, He lived
               in the Roman Empire.  Both nations had dealings with Jesus.


               John’s baptism was mainly for Jews to repent of their sins and apostasy.  It is from this point
               that the message of Jesus spread throughout the empire and into Caesarea, which has brought
               Cornelius to the present point of hearing the gospel.


               Act 10:38  How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power: who went
               about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with Him.

               How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power (dunamis, Mark 5:30)
               who went about doing (energeia: producing) good and healing all that were oppressed of the
               devil; for God was with Him.

               The Holy Spirit anointed the humanity of Jesus and was given for His teaching ministry as well

               as His miracles (Luke 4:16-21).  Another name for the power which anointed Jesus is virtue
               (Mark 5:30; Luke 6:19).

               Act 10:39  And we are witnesses of all things which he did both in the land of the Jews, and in
               Jerusalem; whom they slew and hanged on a tree:


               Peter is addressing Romans.  Romans tried Him, beat Him, and crucified Him; yet Peter blames
               the Jews.  Religion put Jesus on the cross, not the Roman government.

               Act 10:40  Him God raised up the third day, and shewed him openly;

               Him God raised up the third day, and shewed him openly (publicly).


               Act 10:41  Not to all the people, but unto witnesses chosen before of God, even to us, who did
               eat and drink with him after he rose from the dead.






                                                                                                            9]]></page><page Index="43"><![CDATA[Jesus was able to eat and drink with His resurrection body.

               Act 10:42  And he commanded us to preach unto the people, and to testify that it is he which
               was ordained of God to be the Judge of quick and dead.


               Jesus, who was judged, will be the judge of the spiritually living and dead.

               Act 10:43  To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name whosoever believeth in
               him shall receive remission of sins.

               The Holy Spirit will break in at the perfect time.  While Peter gives the simplicity of salvation,

               Cornelius and his household believe (John 8:30).  Jews and Gentiles are told in the Old
               Testament that faith in Jesus (the Messiah) brings remission or cleansing of sins.

               THE HOLY SPIRIT FALLS


               Act 10:44  While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Ghost fell on all them which heard the
               word.

               Now that these men are born again, just as on the day of Pentecost in Jerusalem, the Holy Spirit
               falls, and they are filled with the Spirit.


               Act 10:45  And they of the circumcision which believed were astonished, as many as came with
               Peter, because that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Ghost.

               And the circumcision (Jews) which believed were astonished (astounded), as many as came
               with Peter, because that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Ghost.


               This verse tells us the Holy Spirit falls on the Gentiles (non-Jews).

               Act 10:46  For they heard them speak with tongues, and magnify God. Then answered Peter,

               The Jews know the Gentiles are filled with the Holy Spirit because they are speaking with
               tongues.  Apparently, they also prophesy because they are filled with the Spirit.  We see later in
               Ephesus, Gentiles who had been filled with the Spirit will also prophesy (19:6).


               Act 10:47  Can any man forbid water, that these should not be baptized, which have received
               the Holy Ghost as well as we?

               Peter now changes his sermon to include water baptism as an outward sign of their new birth.


               Act 10:48  And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord. Then prayed they
               him to tarry certain days.







                                                                                                           10]]></page><page Index="44"><![CDATA[Peter and his friends stay for a few days to teach and disciple the new converts.

                       10:44-48 A Miracle with the Gentiles, Too!, HOLY SPIRIT FULLNESS.  The fact that the
                       Gentile household of Cornelius was included in the outpouring of the Spirit is a
                       fulfillment of the prophecy of Joel 2:28 (“I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh”). The
                       presence of the sign of tongues was particularly significant to the Jews who were

                       accompanying Peter in that they received the Holy Spirit “just as we have” (Acts 10:47).
                       This was later related to the leadership in Jerusalem as evidence that the Gentiles had
                       truly been accepted by God in the plan of salvation (11:16-17). The baptism with the
                       Holy Spirit is for all believers (2:38-39). That these began speaking in tongues as Peter
                       was preaching reveals that the pattern of receiving Holy Spirit baptism is not dependent
                       upon first being baptized in water, however, it does not make water baptism optional
                       for a believer.

























































                                                                                                           11]]></page><page Index="45"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="46"/><page Index="47"><![CDATA[Chapter 11]]></page><page Index="48"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 11


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER 11

               There is always a tendency for legalism to creep into the church, but we are saved by grace
               through faith, not through any effort on our part.  It is a gift from God (Ephesians 2:8).  We
               cannot add anything to the gift of our salvation and must guard against becoming legalistic in
               our relationship with the Lord and others.  Our righteousness, achieved through human works
               is as filthy rags (Isaiah 64:6) when compared to the righteousness of God we receive at
               salvation.  Salvation is available to anyone who will receive it.  We must ever strive to live in the
               grace of God in our daily lives.

               OPPOSITION TO THE SPREADING OF THE GOSPEL (1-18)

               With the rapid spread of the gospel, Gentiles are being born again and filled with the Holy
               Spirit.  The elders of the church at Jerusalem dispute with Peter because he has gone into the
               home of uncircumcised men and eaten foods forbidden by Jewish law.  Peter describes the
               vision he received when regarding the Jews.  This temporarily assuages (lessens the intensity of)
               their legalism.

               The church is now expanding both geographically and racially.  What began in Jerusalem on the
               day of Pentecost has now spread, and the elders of the Jerusalem church are becoming
               legalistic.  They do not want other races or cities to receive the gospel.  They are trying to
               combine law and grace, and the “little leaven” is destroying the “lump.”

               PETER CHALLENGED

               Act 11:1  And the apostles and brethren that were in Judaea heard that the Gentiles had also
               received the word of God.

               Act 11:2  And when Peter was come up to Jerusalem, they that were of the circumcision
               contended with him,

               The Jews begin an argument with Peter for taking the gospel to the Gentiles.  They seem to
               have forgotten about Jesus declaring the message of the gospel would extend from Jerusalem
               to “the uttermost parts of the earth.”  They have turned their focus toward and begun
               emphasizing the law of circumcision.

               The reaction of these men is typical of many denominations today.  They are “religious,”
               judging spirituality by actions that any sinner could perform.

               Act 11:3  Saying, Thou wentest in to men uncircumcised, and didst eat with them.








                                                                                                            1]]></page><page Index="49"><![CDATA[After Peter and his men stayed with Cornelius for a few days, they were free to eat with him
               and the other Gentile believers.  This means Peter has eaten food forbidden under Jewish law.
               He probably ate some of the meat he saw in the vision on the housetop.

               PETER RECOUNTS HIS HOUSETOP VISION

               Act 11:4  But Peter rehearsed the matter from the beginning, and expounded it by order unto
               them, saying,

               Peter will share the story told in chapter 10 without omitting a single detail.  He will describe
               the events in chronological order so those listening understand the involvement of the Holy
               Spirit from both sides of the situation.

               Verses 5 through 17 recount the salvation and infilling of the Holy Spirit in the house of
               Cornelius (which would begin the great revival among the Gentiles).

               Act 11:5  I was in the city of Joppa praying: and in a trance I saw a vision, A certain vessel
               descend, as it had been a great sheet, let down from heaven by four corners; and it came even
               to me:

               Act 11:6  Upon the which when I had fastened mine eyes, I considered, and saw fourfooted
               beasts of the earth, and wild beasts, and creeping things, and fowls of the air.

               Act 11:7  And I heard a voice saying unto me, Arise, Peter; slay and eat.

               Act 11:8  But I said, Not so, Lord: for nothing common or unclean hath at any time entered into
               my mouth.

               Act 11:9  But the voice answered me again from heaven, What God hath cleansed, that call not
               thou common.

               Act 11:10  And this was done three times: and all were drawn up again into heaven.

               Peter might not have visited the home of the Gentile apart from the vision and the Lord
               speaking directly to him concerning the vision.

               PETER RECOUNTS THE EVENTS OF HIS JOURNEY TO CAESAREA

               Act 11:11  And, behold, immediately there were three men already come unto the house where
               I was, sent from Caesarea unto me.

               Act 11:12  And the Spirit bade me go with them, nothing doubting. Moreover these six brethren
               accompanied me, and we entered into the man's house:

                       11:12 doubting,  diakrino (dee-ak-ree-no);  Has two definitions. 1) To judge thoroughly;
                       to decide between two or more choices; to make a distinction; two separate two
                       components, elements or factors; to render a decision; to evaluate carefully. 2) The
                       word also connotes a conflict with oneself in the sense of hesitating, having misgivings,




                                                                                                            2]]></page><page Index="50"><![CDATA[doubting, being divided in decision making, or wavering between hope and fear. This is
                       its use here.

               Act 11:13  And he shewed us how he had seen an angel in his house, which stood and said unto
               him, Send men to Joppa, and call for Simon, whose surname is Peter;

               Act 11:14  Who shall tell thee words, whereby thou and all thy house shall be saved.

               Act 11:15  And as I began to speak, the Holy Ghost fell on them, as on us at the beginning.

               Act 11:16  Then remembered I the word of the Lord, how that he said, John indeed baptized
               with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost.

               Act 11:17  Forasmuch then as God gave them the like gift as he did unto us, who believed on
               the Lord Jesus Christ; what was I, that I could withstand God?

               All of Peter’s prejudice and religious thinking are gone at this display of the grace and
               sovereignty of God concerning the Gentiles.

               LEGALISM TEMPORARILY DEFEATED

               Act 11:18  When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then
               hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.

               Legalism is temporarily defeated in Jerusalem.  Peter’s recounting of the event helps for a time,
               but legalism eventually creeps back in, destroying the church and ultimately Jerusalem itself in
               70 A.D.  As goes the church, so goes the nation.  The men at this conference are silenced
               by the words of Peter.  The love of God that has confronted Peter is now causing a change in
               the thinking of the legalistic Jews.

               THE CHURCH AT ANTIOCH (19-30)

               A number of the Jews who scattered in chapter 8 have gone to Antioch to start a church.  A
               revival begins with such an impact that even the believers in Jerusalem three hundred miles
               away hear about it.  Barnabas understands the grace of God and sees that grace in operation in
               the church at Antioch.  He is instrumental in bringing Paul to Antioch to instruct the new
               converts in the Word of God.

               Prophets from Jerusalem arrive in Antioch, and Agabus prophesies about a famine coming to
               Jerusalem.  The saints in Antioch take up an offering from the church at Jerusalem in response
               to this prophecy.

               Act 11:19  Now they which were scattered abroad upon the persecution that arose about
               Stephen travelled as far as Phenice, and Cyprus, and Antioch, preaching the word to none but
               unto the Jews only.








                                                                                                            3]]></page><page Index="51"><![CDATA[In verses 19 through 30, the discussion returns to the Jews scattered at the beginning of
               chapter 8.  Part of those scattered travel to Antioch and begin a church.

               Act 11:20  And some of them were men of Cyprus and Cyrene, which, when they were come to
               Antioch, spake unto the Grecians, preaching the Lord Jesus.

               Some Jews witnessed to other Jews alone (verse 19) while others also witnessed to the Gentiles
               (verse 20).

               SIGNS AND WONDERS

               Act 11:21  And the hand of the Lord was with them: and a great number believed, and turned
               unto the Lord.

               When “the hand of the Lord” is mentioned, it is a reference to signs and wonders.  The miracles
               draw attention to the gospel, and many Gentiles are born again.

               STRIVING TO MAINTAIN GRACE

               Act 11:22  Then tidings of these things came unto the ears of the church which was in
               Jerusalem: and they sent forth Barnabas, that he should go as far as Antioch.

               From his humble beginnings, when he first gave to the church in Jerusalem (4:36), Barnabas has
               become a great minister.  He understands grace and will later become the leader of the Antioch
               church and travels with Paul on his first missionary journey

               Act 11:23  Who, when he came, and had seen the grace of God, was glad, and exhorted them
               all, that with purpose of heart they would cleave unto the Lord.

               Barnabas remains in Jerusalem with the disciples after the stoning of Stephen (8:1).  He
               continues in Jerusalem through the decline of the church and has been disturbed by what he
               has observed.  He knows something is wrong, but has not identified the problem and is praying
               to discover what it is.  God then sends Barnabas to Antioch, and he is so impressed with the
               attitude of grace he observes in these believers that he exhorts them to maintain it (Galatians
               5:1).

               Barnabas remains a man of grace, and what is so visible in Antioch is the grace of God.  This is a
               stark contrast to Jerusalem.  Peter later discovers the same grace (Galatians 2:11-21).

               Barnabas is not legalistic.  If he had been, he would have been angry at the freedom he saw in
               Antioch.  Grace always irritates legalistic people.  Legalistic people will try to pull others down
               into their traditions and works.  Christians must strive to maintain grace (Hebrews 4:11).

               Act 11:24  For he was a good man, and full of the Holy Ghost and of faith: and much people was
               added unto the Lord.








                                                                                                            4]]></page><page Index="52"><![CDATA[For he was a good man (in God’s sight), and full of the Holy Ghost (prayed in tongues) and of
               faith (studied the Word): and much people was added unto the Lord.

               When a church emphasizes the grace of God, many people are born again.  The church in
               Antioch became the spiritual center for many years.  Paul’s first three missionary journeys
               began at Antioch.

               Barnabas recognizes the need for good leadership in the church at Antioch.  He does not return
               to Jerusalem to ask Peter, James, or any other elder in Jerusalem to come to Antioch.  Instead,
               Barnabas travels to Tarsus and finds Paul, the man who had the greatest revelation of the grace
               of God.

               BARNABAS SEEKS FOR SAUL

               Act 11:25  Then departed Barnabas to Tarsus, for to seek Saul:

               Barnabas was not jealous of Paul’s superior knowledge and gifts.  He was only interested in the
               growth of the saints in Antioch.

               Act 11:26  And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that
               a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the
               disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.

               In his search for Paul, Barnabas is not supernaturally guided as in the case of Peter and
               Cornelius.  Barnabas seeks out Paul for himself.  When Paul arrives in Antioch, he teaches the
               people for one year.

               New converts need teaching.  The first teachings converts receive should establish them in the
               grace of God.  Teaching and training transforms converts into disciples.

               The name “Christian” means Christlike.  You do not become Christlike until you become a
               disciple.  The disciples were called Christians, but it was a derogatory term when first used by
               Gentiles against believers.

               THE OFFICE OF THE PROPHET

               Act 11:27  And in these days came prophets from Jerusalem unto Antioch.

               The office of the prophet found in the New Testament is very similar to the prophet (or seer) of
               the Old Testament.  In the New Testament, God uses prophets to warn of the attacks of Satan
               and to judge prophecy (1 Corinthians 14:9).

               Act 11:28  And there stood up one of them named Agabus, and signified by the Spirit that there
               should be great dearth throughout all the world: which came to pass in the days of Claudius
               Caesar.








                                                                                                            5]]></page><page Index="53"><![CDATA[Agabus is an accurate prophet.  He rises up from among the prophets and prophesies the great
               famine that would come to the area of Jerusalem, which was fulfilled.  This prophecy is
               probably made before the leaders of the church rather than the congregation.  The word is
               received and an offering started for the saints at Jerusalem.

               The drought came to pass in the days of Claudius Caesar, two years later.  Claudius Caesar was
               the cousin of Caligu of the Roman Empire and was assassinated after just four years as
               emperor.

               Agabus is the same man who later prophesies to Paul of his impending danger and
               imprisonment (21:10).  He warned Paul not to return to Jerusalem.  Paul did not heed his
               warning.

               THE CHURCH AT ANTIOCH GIVES

               Act 11:29  Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined to send relief unto
               the brethren which dwelt in Judaea:

               The members of Antioch are not forced or coerced into giving.  Each gives according to their
               ability, which is mature giving, in response to Agabus’s prophecy.  They also give because the
               believers in Jerusalem are their spiritual brothers and sisters.  Distance is never an issue in the
               body of Christ.  We are all members of the family of God (Ephesians 3:15), and we never leave
               the family.

               Act 11:30  Which also they did, and sent it to the elders by the hands of Barnabas and Saul.

               The people of the church give the money to their church leaders who, in turn, give it to the
               leaders of the Jerusalem church.  This demonstrates their maturity.  If they had sent the money
               directly to congregational members of the Jerusalem church, it might have been viewed by the
               church leaders as trying to “buy” the “sheep” without their knowledge.  They trust the elders of
               the church at Jerusalem to distribute the money fair.  Unfortunately, the Jerusalem church does
               not appreciate their offering and later tries to destroy the church at Antioch.

                       11:27-30  The Office of the Prophet, PROPHECY.  Agabus is an example of the “office” of
                       the “prophet”in the NT. This role differs from the operation of the gift of prophecy in
                       the life of the believer, for it entails a Christ-appointed ministry of a person rather than
                       the Holy Spirit-distributed gift through a person. In the NT, this office was not
                       sensationalized as it tends to be today. Such an attitude is unworthy, both in the
                       prophet and in those to whom he ministers, and is certain to result in an unfruitful end.
                       (Apparently Paul was addressing such assumption’s of the prophetic office when he
                       issued the challenge of 1 Corinthians 14:37, calling for submission to spiritual authority
                       rather than self-serving independence. The office of prophet cannot be taken lightly.
                       There is nothing in the NT that reduces the stringent requirements for serving this role,








                                                                                                            6]]></page><page Index="54"><![CDATA[and Deuteronomy 18:20-22 ought to be regarded seriously. Prophecy is nothing to be
                       “experimented” with, for souls are in the balance in the exercise of every ministry.

                       Further wisdom may be gained by noting that on biblical terms there is more than one
                       type of ministry by a prophet. While a few exercised remarkable predictive gifts (Daniel,
                       Zechariah, John), other traits of the prophetic office are seen: 1) preaching---especially
                       at a national or international level (John the Baptist); 2) teaching---especially when
                       unusual insight is present and broad impact made in serving God’s people (Ezra); 3)
                       miracles---as remarkable signs to accompany a prophet’s preaching (Elijah); 4) renewal--
                       -as with Samuel (1 Samuel 3:21; 4:1), or that called for by the psalmist and by Amos
                       (Psalm 74:9; Amos 8:11-12). The incident of Agabus resulted in effective action by the
                       church’s rising to meet a challenging situation. This is a valid test of the prophetic office.
                       It is for edification and not for entertainment---to enlarge and refresh the body,
                       whether locally or beyond.






















































                                                                                                            7]]></page><page Index="55"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="56"/><page Index="57"><![CDATA[Chapter 12]]></page><page Index="58"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 12


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER TWELVE


               We should never fear the world’s attitude toward the spreading of the gospel.  If persecution
               comes, imprisonment, or even the possibility of death, we can experience God’s divine peace
               while trusting His ability to deliver us supernaturally.  The gospel cannot and will not be
               stopped, and Jesus will return to establish His kingdom in the earth.


               HEROD PERSECUTES THE CHURCH (1-4)

               With the spreading and growing influence of the gospel, Herod begins to persecute the Church.

               He killed James the brother of John and because James’ death so pleases the Jews, he captures
               and imprisons Peter.  He plans to also put Peter to death after the days of unleavened bread
               have passed.

               Act 12:1  Now about that time Herod the king stretched forth his hands to vex certain of the
               church.

               Now about that time Herod the king stretched forth his hands to vex (persecute and kill) certain

               (key members) of the church.

               The phrase “about that time” refers to the time of the drought in Jerusalem.  Herod Agrippa is
               the king mentioned in this verse.  He is the grandson of Herod the Great.  Herod, like his
               grandfather, embraces Judaism and wants to please the Jews.  He learns of their hatred for
               Christians and is determined to persecute the church.  This is primarily a political move on his
               part.  Being a military man, he knows the best way to instill fear and discouragement into a
               group is to kill one of their leaders (5:36-37).  Typically when a leader of a movement is killed,

               the followers disperse rapidly.  However, in this particular instance, that plan backfires on
               Herod.  Peter will remain alive, and Christianity will survive and flourish.

               JAMES IS KILLED


               Act 12:2  And he killed James the brother of John with the sword.

               James, the brother of John is decapitated.  Jesus had nicknamed James and John the “Sons of
               Thunder” (Mark 3:17).  Their mother had asked for each of her sons to be seated beside Jesus
               in His kingdom (Matthew 20: 20-23).


                Following the death of Stephen James is the next apostle to be killed.  John will be the last.]]></page><page Index="59"><![CDATA[This extreme persecution arises as a result of the legalism in Jerusalem.  James’ death could
               have been prevented through the prayers of the saints.  However, because of James’s death,
               when Peter is thrown in prison, the church immediately begins to intercede for him.

               PETER IS SEIZED


               Act 12:3  And because he saw it pleased the Jews, he proceeded further to take Peter also.
               (Then were the days of unleavened bread.)


               Peter is held in prison temporarily with the plan to later execute him only because the Jews had
               a law that no one could be executed during a feast day.

               Act 12:4  And when he had apprehended him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four
               quaternions of soldiers to keep him; intending after Easter to bring him forth to the people.

               And when he had apprehended him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four

               quaternions of soldiers to keep him; intending after Easter (Passover) to bring him forth to the
               people.

               A “quaternion” is the smallest division in the Roman army consisting of four soldiers.  There is
               one quaternion for each watch of the day (six hours).  Two soldiers are chained to Peter, one on
               each arm.  The other two soldiers watch the door.  Herod’s intention is to leave Peter in prison
               until the Passover week is completed and then to publicly execute him.


               PETER MIRACULOUSLY FREED (5-17)


               As the church in Antioch prays without ceasing for Peter, an angel appears and the chains that
               bind Peter fall from his wrists.  The angel instructs Peter to follow him, which he does.  Peter
               eventually finds himself in the street outside the gates of the prison.  He immediately goes to
               the house of Mary where the believers are praying.

               CHURCH PRAYS WITHOUT CEASING


               Act 12:5  Peter therefore was kept in prison: but prayer was made without ceasing of the
               church unto God for him.

               The prayer made “without ceasing” is intercessory prayer.  This prayer could have lasted as long
               as one week during the Feast of Unleavened Bread.  This verse also tells us the church is not a
               building but a people.  Buildings do not pray.  People pray.


               Act 12:6  And when Herod would have brought him forth, the same night Peter was sleeping
               between two soldiers, bound with two chains: and the keepers before the door kept the prison.]]></page><page Index="60"><![CDATA[Peter has been in jail for many days and was sleeping the night before his execution.  This is the
               gift of faith in operation (1 Corinthians 12:9).  The same gift was in operation when Daniel was
               in the lions den and when Paul was on board a ship destined to be shipwrecked (Acts 27).

               The gift of faith can operate in one of two ways.  A person can become bold under this gift as
               Samson did or as David did before Goliath.  Other times, this gift causes a person to become

               peaceful during a time of tribulation, like Jesus sleeping through the storm.

               AN ANGEL APPEARS


               Act 12:7  And, behold, the angel of the Lord came upon him, and a light shined in the prison:
               and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him up, saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell
               off from his hands.

               The angel of the Lord described in this verse is not a visitation from the angel of the Lord (Jesus)
               in the Old Testament.  This particular angel comes to rescue Peter.  The light that shines in the

               prison is the glory surrounding the angel.  Peter is consistent.  He slept while Jesus prayed in
               Gethsemane (Matthew 26: 39-41), and now he is sleeping while the church is praying for him.

               Peter has improved the cause for his sleep.  Unlike the time in the garden of Gethsemane when
               he was supposed to be watching and praying for Jesus, he now is sleeping because he has God’s
               peace and the gift of faith operates in his life.  In fact, Peter is in such a deep sleep, the angel
               has to hit him on the side to wake him up.


               Act 12:8  And the angel said unto him, Gird thyself, and bind on thy sandals. And so he did. And
               he saith unto him, Cast thy garment about thee, and follow me.

               What Peter could do, the angel commands him to do.  But what Peter could not do, the angel
               does for him.  The angel does not dress Peter or put his shoes on him.  The angel did not carry
               Peter out of the prison.  Peter could do that himself.  However, Peter could not free himself.
               The chains fell off his wrists by supernatural power.


               PETER FOLLOWS THE ANGEL


               Act 12:9  And he went out, and followed him; and wist not that it was true which was done by
               the angel; but thought he saw a vision.

               Peter is still not quite awake and thinks he is having another housetop vision.

               Act 12:10  When they were past the first and the second ward, they came unto the iron gate
               that leadeth unto the city; which opened to them of his own accord: and they went out, and
               passed on through one street; and forthwith the angel departed from him.]]></page><page Index="61"><![CDATA[Peter comes to himself once he is outside the prison.  The air in his face probably fully awakens
               Peter, and as he stands in the streets of Jerusalem, he realizes a true miracle has just taken
               place.  This is Peter’s second miraculous deliverance from prison (5:19).

               PETER COMES TO HIMSELF


               Act 12:11  And when Peter was come to himself, he said, Now I know of a surety, that the Lord
               hath sent his angel, and hath delivered me out of the hand of Herod, and from all the
               expectation of the people of the Jews.


               Peter is delivered from the Jews and the Romans simultaneously.

               Act 12:12  And when he had considered the thing, he came to the house of Mary the mother of
               John, whose surname was Mark; where many were gathered together praying.

               Peter has some time to think about what has just happened before he arrives at the prayer

               meeting.  Peter does not consider fleeing, instead, as he had done previously, he goes to his
               “own company” (4:23).

               Those who are praying for Peter have gathered together in the house of Mark’s mother, Mary.
               Mark wrote the book of Mark based on accounts he received from Peter.  This is our first
               introduction to Mark.  He is the same man who will accompany Paul and Barnabas on their first
               missionary journey from Antioch (verse 25; 13:5).


               RHODA AT THE GATE OF MARY’S HOUSE


               Act 12:13  And as Peter knocked at the door of the gate, a damsel came to hearken, named
               Rhoda.

               Act 12:14  And when she knew Peter's voice, she opened not the gate for gladness, but ran in,
               and told how Peter stood before the gate.

               Rhoda is probably a servant girl working in Mary’s home.  She is a believer, and although she is
               not praying with the others, she is concerned for Peter’s deliverance from prison.  When she

               sees Peter outside the gate, she is so excited, she runs to tell everyone and leaves Peter
               standing at the gate.

               Act 12:15  And they said unto her, Thou art mad. But she constantly affirmed that it was even
               so. Then said they, It is his angel.


               The intercessory, prevailing prayer of those gathered has been effective.  Their prayers
               manifested so quickly, no one is ready to stop praying.  They had planned to pray for a long
               period of time for Peter’s deliverance and are surprised when the answer comes.]]></page><page Index="62"><![CDATA[They initially think the girl has seen an angel.  It should be easier to believe Peter is outside the
               gate than an angel.  An angel would appear to them in their prayer room rather than knocking
               all the gate.

               Act 12:16  But Peter continued knocking: and when they had opened the door, and saw him,
               they were astonished.


               But Peter continued knocking: and when they had opened the door, and saw him, they were
               astonished (speechless).

               The group finally goes to the gate to see if Peter is really there.


               PETER’S TESTIMONY OF BEING DELIVERED FROM PRISON

               Act 12:17  But he, beckoning unto them with the hand to hold their peace, declared unto them
               how the Lord had brought him out of the prison. And he said, Go shew these things unto James,

               and to the brethren. And he departed, and went into another place.

               When they see it is Peter, they are initially speechless, but then began talking so loudly Peter
               has to quiet them with his hand.  He tells them the story of his deliverance and asks them to tell
               the church leaders what has happened.


               After attending the prayer meeting in Mary’s house, he departs for Antioch.  Although he has
               been supernaturally delivered, he knows it is important to leave town quickly.  The soldiers who
               had been left at the prison will be in danger for their lives and might come looking for Peter at
               Mary’s house.

               RESPONSE TO PETER’S ESCAPE (18-20)


               Herod is extremely angered by Peter’s escape and searches for him unsuccessfully.  Herod
               executes all of the guards who were on watch when Peter walked out of the prison.

               Act 12:18  Now as soon as it was day, there was no small stir among the soldiers, what was
               become of Peter.


               In the natural realm, Peter’s escape is impossible.  The “stir” among the soldiers is comprised of
               confusion and disbelief which will then turn to anger.

               Act 12:19  And when Herod had sought for him, and found him not, he examined the keepers,
               and commanded that they should be put to death. And he went down from Judaea to Caesarea,

               and there abode.]]></page><page Index="63"><![CDATA[At this point, Herod becomes angry and fearful for his kingdom and position as king.  He has
               tried to please the Jews as much as possible, but now that things have become difficult, he
               returns to his true allegiance, the Romans.  He flees to Caesarea, a Roman city.

               Act 12:20  And Herod was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: but they came with
               one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king's chamberlain their friend, desired peace;

               because their country was nourished by the king's country.

               A border dispute has broken out in this area of Phoenicia and has lasted for many years.  Herod
               is angry at them during this time.  While he is in Caesarea, the people of Tyre and Sidon come
               with a united front to meet with Herod and make peace because they fear he will cut off
               financial aid to their countries.  They bribe Blastus to arrange a meeting for them with Herod.


               THE DEATH OF HEROD (21-22)

               Herod gives a speech, and the audience heralds him as a god.  Because Herod does not give

               glory to God for his position, an angel of God strikes him dead.

               HEROD DEIFIED

               Act 12:21  And upon a set day Herod, arrayed in royal apparel, sat upon his throne, and made

               an oration unto them.

               Herod decides to make a big show of extending peace to the people of Tyre and Sidon.  He is
               full of arrogance and expects the people to revere him.


               Act 12:22  And the people gave a shout, saying, It is the voice of a god, and not of a man.

               Because of fear of losing their finances, the people play into Herod’s arrogance.

               HEROD AND THE ANGEL


               Act 12:23  And immediately the angel of the Lord smote him, because he gave not God the
               glory: and he was eaten of worms, and gave up the ghost.

               According to the historian Josephus, the entire process of Herod’s sickness from worms to

               death took approximately five days.  The angel referred to in this verse is probably the same
               angel who delivered Peter from prison.  Now he is delivering Peter from Herod.  The
               assumption can be made that someone is still interceding for Peter’s safety and for the
               government of the land.  When a government plays God, it will be judged.  Herod becomes
               weak and dies, but the church cannot be destroyed (Matthew 16:18).]]></page><page Index="64"><![CDATA[THE GOSPEL CONTINUES TO SPREAD (24-25)

               Neither the death of James nor the imprisonment of Peter hinders the spread of the gospel.


               Act 12:24  But the word of God grew and multiplied.

               Out of persecution, the church, the Word, and the disciples in Greece.  They also increase in
               power.  Whenever the Word increases, so does the number of disciples.  When the number of
               disciples increases, so does the number of converts (6:7).

               Act 12:25  And Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem, when they had fulfilled their

               ministry, and took with them John, whose surname was Mark.

               Barnabas and Saul are given the mission to deliver money collected by believers in Antioch to
               the saints in Jerusalem (11:27-30).  When they return to Antioch, Barnabas and Saul take Mark
               with them on their first missionary journey.]]></page><page Index="65"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="66"/><page Index="67"><![CDATA[Chapter 13]]></page><page Index="68"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 13


               REVIVAL SPREADS


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER THIRTEEN


               Missions spread the gospel and teach the message of grace to those who have not heard it.
               Sending people God has called to specific missions should be an integral part of the local
               church.  We should be bold to preach God’s Word, even in the midst of persecution, but if an
               individual or group rejects the message of the gospel, we need to move on to others whose
               hearts are open.


               THE BIRTH OF MISSIONS

               Missionary activity emanating from a local church begins in Antioch.  Throughout many of the
               remaining chapters in the book of Acts, this church becomes the central launching place for
               spreading the gospel.


               Previously, individual men had gone in response to a directive from God after mission work had
               already been established (Acts 8).  However, not only is it God’s desire to send people out in
               alignment with His will, but it is His desire for them to be recognized and sanctioned by church
               leaders.

               The Great Commission is a joint effort by God and man.  God chooses Antioch as the place the
               mission team will be sent from.  Antioch becomes the center of missionary activity for many

               chapters to come.

               The church at Antioch is successful because:

                   1.  It is not founded by the apostles; it has been founded by common men who were

                       disciples of Cyprus and Cyrene (11:29).
                   2.  It grows under Barnabas, a man of grace (11:22-23).  Saul, whose life was dedicated to
                       Gentiles and whose gift was teaching, grounds the church at Antioch (11:26).  They are
                       instructed in grace from the start.
                   3.  Antioch is a giving church.  They give to Jerusalem, a legalistic church (11:29-30).  They
                       give because it is their nature to give, not because of the nature of those in need.  They
                       operated true love.]]></page><page Index="69"><![CDATA[THE SEPARATION OF BARNABAS AND SAUL TO MINISTRY (1-3)


               A group of prophets and teachers are spending time together ministering to the Lord.  As they
               fasted and prayed, the Lord speaks to them to separate Barnabas and Saul.  In response, the
               men with Barnabas and Saul pray, lay hands on them, and send them away.

               LEADERSHIP IN THE CHURCH AT ANTIOCH


               Act 13:1  Now there were in the church that was at Antioch certain prophets and teachers; as
               Barnabas, and Simeon that was called Niger, and Lucius of Cyrene, and Manaen, which had
               been brought up with Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.

               Previously we studied about the prophets who left the fading church at Jerusalem to become

               part of the growing church at Antioch (11:27-28).  During this time, others may have been rising
               up in the congregation and receiving the call of God while learning under the leadership of the
               prophets who were present.  Prophets primarily give leadership from the Holy Spirit.  Teachers
               give leadership from the Word of God.

               The name of the church at Antioch is given to identify its location as home base from which
               ministers will travel.  Although these particular ministers primarily travel from church to church
               and city to city, they are sent from and return to the local church.


               Many fallacies have been based on Acts 13.  Some teaching purports each church must have
               prophets and apostles who attend and officiate, that they must be part of the government of
               the local church.  This is not correct.  Although prophets and apostles are mentioned as being in
               leadership positions in the Antioch church, the office of the pastor had not yet been established
               and local churches were not being established in the many cities were mission activity will
               occur.  The names of the prophets and teachers are mentioned and called “certain.”  These are
               key and unique leaders in the church at Antioch.


                   1.  Barnabas: Previously discussed as one of the founders of the church.
                   2.  Simeon: called Niger (the Nigerian), a black prophet from North Africa.
                   3.  Lucius: of Cyrene, a fellow worker with Paul (Romans 16:21).
                   4.  Manaen: Stepson of Herod by a Samaritan woman named Malfauke.  He is a wealthy
                       aristocrat who became born again and a gifted teacher at Antioch.  His brothers Antipas
                       and Archelaus, were both unbelievers.  Antipas is the king who beheaded John the
                       Baptist.

                   5.  Saul: In this chapter, Saul is nicknamed Paul (verse 9), and is called Paul from this point
                       on.]]></page><page Index="70"><![CDATA[MINISTERING TO THE LORD


               Act 13:2  As they ministered to the Lord, and fasted, the Holy Ghost said, Separate me
               Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them.

               As they ministered (leitourgeo: were ministering) to the Lord, and fasted (were fasting), the
               Holy Ghost said, Separate (aphorizo) me Barnabas and Saul for (because of) the work
               whereunto I have called them.


               The Greek word for “ministered” means to minister sacrificially at your own expense (cf.
               Romans 13:6; 15:16, 27; Hebrews 1:7; 8:2; 10:11).

               In this instance, Barnabas, Simeon, Lucius, Manaen, and Saul are ministering directly to the
               Lord.  It is part of their priestly duty (1 Peter 2:9), and apparently, these five leaders meet
               together to minister to the Lord quite often.


                       13:2 ministered, leitourgeo (lie-toorg-eh-oh); Performing religious or charitable acts,
                       fulfilling an office, discharging a function, officiating as a priest, serving God with prayers
                       and fastings. (Compare “liturgy” and “liturgical.”) The word describes the Aaronic
                       priesthood ministering Levitical services (Hebrews 10:11). In Romans 15:27, it is used of
                       meeting financial needs of the Christians, performing a service to the Lord by doing so.
                       Here the Christians at Antioch were fulfilling an office and discharging a normal function
                       by ministering to the Lord and fastings and prayer.


               THE HOLY SPIRIT SPEAKS

               As they are ministering, the Holy Spirit speaks through one of the prophets and gives the call for
               separation to Barnabas and Saul.  They will be separated to the Lord’s calling, and from other
               ministers they have grown close to in the church.  The Greek word for “separate” means to

               mark off by boundaries.  God is calling Saul and Barnabas both from something and to
               something.  The calling is past tense, and the separation is present.  There is a time period
               between their calling and their separation.  God had everything to do with the calling, and they
               have everything to do with the separation.  The point of separation comes because of their
               faithfulness in the ministry.  The Holy Spirit does the choosing and the separating, but the point
               of separation is dependent on the one called.  This is why many are called, but few are chosen.
               Most Christians will not pay the price of faithfulness to reach the point of separation.  Paul is
               separated into the ministry because of his faithfulness (1 Timothy 1:12).  In verse 3, men see

               the faithfulness and calling on men and lay hands on them in recognition.  God calls and
               separates, men agree.]]></page><page Index="71"><![CDATA[BARNABAS AND SAUL SENT


               Act 13:3  And when they had fasted and prayed, and laid their hands on them, they sent them
               away.

               Until this time, they had fasted and ministered.  Now they need guidance and they pray.
               Simeon, Lucius, and Manaen lay their hands on Barnabas and Saul.  The purpose is twofold:


                   1.  Their hands represented their agreement with the leadership of the Holy Spirit.
                   2.  Laying hands on Barnabas and Saul indicates the transference of the power of the Holy
                       Spirit to the call upon their lives.

               The hands of these men represent the hand of the Lord and the power of the Holy Spirit.  Until
               this time, hands have only been used for the infilling of the Holy Spirit and healing.  This is the
               first case of hands being laid on individuals for separation into ministry.


               PREACHING IN CYPRUS (4-12)

               Barnabas and Paul traveled from Antioch to the city of Seleucia, just south of Antioch and from
               there, sail to the island of Cyprus.  They arrive in the city of Salamis where they preached to the

               Jews in the synagogues.  From there they traveled to Paphos, and the proconsul calls for them
               because he wants to hear the Word of God.  Present with the proconsul is a sorcerer who tries
               to turn him from the message of faith.  Saul (Paul) filled with the Holy Spirit, confronts the man,
               who suddenly becomes blind and requests to be led out of the room by his hand.  When the
               proconsul sees this “wonder,” he believes.


               SELEUCIA

               Act 13:4  So they, being sent forth by the Holy Ghost, departed unto Seleucia; and from thence
               they sailed to Cyprus.


               Even though men sent them forth, Barnabas and Saul consider this the work of the Holy Spirit.
               Seleucia is the port where they caught a ship to Cyprus, an island in the Mediterranean.  This
               island is valuable to the Romans for its mineral wealth, mainly copper.  The Latin name for
               copper is cyprium, and so the island was named Cyprus for its copper.

               SALAMIS


               Act 13:5  And when they were at Salamis, they preached the word of God in the synagogues of
               the Jews: and they had also John to their minister.]]></page><page Index="72"><![CDATA[And when they (Barnabas and Saul) were at Salamis, they preached the Word of God in the
               synagogues of the Jews: and they had also John to their minister (huperetes).

               Salamis, the eastern seaboard of Cyprus, is known as the Greek harbor.  When they land, they
               preach their first message in the synagogues (Romans 1:16).


               Preaching the Word of God in denominational churches is nothing new.  Paul and Barnabas do
               this on their first missionary journey at their first stop.  John Mark, who has been mentioned
               before, now joins them.  Mark is probably the nephew of Barnabas.

               THE UNDERROWER


               Mark wrote the book of Mark from notes and stories Peter had shared with him.  The Greek
               word for “minister” means underrower.  For slaves, this was the lowest position on a Roman
               ship.  There were three levels of rowers, and the newest slaves were placed on the bottom
               level.  It was considered a promotion to be raised to the second level.  A slave could rise to the

               highest position on the first level of the ship.  Paul and Barnabas are probably first level rowers
               and Mark traveled with them to carry their suitcases, booked their hotel and transportation,
               and prepare the churches for when they arrived to speak.

               Although Paul and Barnabas are top level rowers, they are still rowers.  The passengers who
               ride on the deck are the greatest.  The congregations are the ones who make the ministry
               possible.


               BAR-JESUS THE SORERER

               Act 13:6  And when they had gone through the isle unto Paphos, they found a certain sorcerer,
               a false prophet, a Jew, whose name was Barjesus:


               Paphos is a seaport on the western end of Cyprus known as the Phoenician harbor.  It was
               famous for the occult and the worship of Venus (verse 19).  Bar-Jesus was in league with Satan.
               He was demon possessed and the advisor to the ruler of the island (Daniel 10:13, 20).

               Act 13:7  Which was with the deputy of the country, Sergius Paulus, a prudent man; who called

               for Barnabas and Saul, and desired to hear the word of God.

               Which was with (an advisor to) the deputy (pro counsel) of the country, Sergius Paulus, a
               prudent (intelligent) man; who called for Barnabas and Saul, and desired to hear the Word of
               God.]]></page><page Index="73"><![CDATA[Saul’s name is Jewish.  His Roman name is Paul or Paulus (verse 9).  He and Sergius come from
               the same Roman heritage.  They both have the name Paulus.  As proconsul of the island, he
               desires to hear the gospel, but his demon-possessed advisor will try to block it from happening.




               ELYMAS THE SORCERER


               Act 13:8  But Elymas the sorcerer (for so is his name by interpretation) withstood them, seeking
               to turn away the deputy from the faith.

               Elymas means wise one in Arabia.  He apparently tries to discredit both Saul Barnabas in the
               presence of Sergius.


               Act 13:9  Then Saul, (who also is called Paul,) filled with the Holy Ghost, set his eyes on him,

               Saul, who is called Paul (like Sergius), has been praying in the Spirit for some time and now
               stares at Elymas.  It is difficult for this demon-possessed person to look back into the eyes of
               the believer.


               Act 13:10  And said, O full of all subtilty and all mischief, thou child of the devil, thou enemy of
               all righteousness, wilt thou not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?

               And said, O full of all subtlety (guile) and all mischief (craftiness), thou child of the devil, thou
               enemy of all righteousness, wilt thou not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?


               Paul now has the upper hand by exposing this man before all who are present.  Paul asks
               Elymas if he is determined to continue perverting God’s ways.  If so, God will put a stop to it.

               Act 13:11  And now, behold, the hand of the Lord is upon thee, and thou shalt be blind, not
               seeing the sun for a season. And immediately there fell on him a mist and a darkness; and he
               went about seeking some to lead him by the hand.


               God immediately judges Elymas.  In humiliation, the man who once was in control is now blind
               and must be led out by those who can see.  Not only is he blind, his satanic roots have been
               exposed.  He has fooled many for a long time, including the leader of the island.  Now Jesus’
               greater power has revealed his true nature.]]></page><page Index="74"><![CDATA[GOD’S WORD IN DEMONSTRATION


               Act 13:12  Then the deputy, when he saw what was done, believed, being astonished at the
               doctrine of the Lord.

               This man not only hears the doctrines and teachings of Paul, he sees the wonders that
               accompany the Word.  Again, this is the purpose of miracles and the gifts of the Holy Spirit.
               This deputy believes in Jesus and is born again.


               PAUL PREACHES IN ANTIOCH (13-42)

               From Cyprus, Paul and Barnabas travel to Antioch and John (Mark) returns to Jerusalem.  When
               they arrive at Pisidia, they enter the synagogue on the Sabbath.  Because they are visitors, they

               are invited to speak and Paul accepts.  He begins by giving a brief history of the Jews, and like
               Stephen, he will use Jewish history to reveal that Jesus Christ is the God of Israel.

               THE JOURNEY


               Verse 13 begins the second half of their missionary journey.  The first half of their journey is to
               the island of Cyprus.  This is probably the suggestion of Barnabas since he came from Cyprus
               (4:36).

               The second half of their journey is a return to the mainland, to Pamphylia.


               PERGA

               Act 13:13  Now when Paul and his company loosed from Paphos, they came to Perga in
               Pamphylia: and John departing from them returned to Jerusalem.


               Now when Paul and his company loosed (set sail) from Paphos, they came to Pergola in
               Pamphylia (modern-day Turkey): and John (Mark) departing from them returned to Jerusalem.

               Perga in Pamphylia is a very ancient city where pirates and bandits lived for over four hundred
               years.  The rocky coastline make good hangouts for these men, and no one traveled into this
               region unless accompanied by armed guards.  The terrain further inland was mountainous,

               which also make good natural protection against military forces attempting to flush out these
               criminals.

               The area was cleaned up by Rome approximately one hundred years later when Hannibal was
               defeated by Rome.  Alexander the Great said the greatest opposition and fiercest fighting he
               had ever encountered was in Pamphylia.  Paul also refers to this place in his account of trials he
               suffered recorded in 2 Corinthians 11:26.]]></page><page Index="75"><![CDATA[MARK DEPARTS


               The conditions at Perga are the reason Mark departs Paul and Barnabas.  Although Paul keeps
               silent, he is tremendously upset by Mark’s desertion.  Even when Mark repents and expresses a
               desire to go on the second missionary journey, Paul does not forget.  This will eventually
               become a point of division between Paul and Barnabas (15: 37-40).

               Mark returns to Jerusalem because this is where his mother lives (12:12) and probably the
               reason Paul is so bothered by his departure.  Paul does not like to be deserted, especially by
               someone simply returning to his mother.  Mark did fine as a traveling companion as long as God

               led them someplace prosperous and civilized like Cyprus.  However, when the Spirit led them to
               the other extreme, Mark is moved by his senses and fear dominates his decision.  Mark leaves
               Paul and Barnabas at a critical point (15:38).  Paul and Barnabas are more seasoned and
               traveling by faith and go expecting a great harvest.  Paul later admits he needed Mark (2
               Timothy 4:11).

               PAUL AND BARNABAS ARRIVE IN ANTIOCH


               Act 13:14  But when they departed from Perga, they came to Antioch in Pisidia, and went into
               the synagogue on the sabbath day, and sat down.


               Perga is the point were John Mark caught a ship back to Jerusalem and Paul and Barnabas
               traveled to Antioch.  Paul and Barnabas do not evangelize here but moved directly to the
               interior.  They will preach in Perga on the way out (14:25).

               PAUL’S SERMON


               Act 13:15  And after the reading of the law and the prophets the rulers of the synagogue sent
               unto them, saying, Ye men and brethren, if ye have any word of exhortation for the people, say
               on.

               The sermon begins with the priests commenting on sections of the Old Testament.  They see
               strangers in the congregation, Paul and Barnabas, and ask if they have any comments or words

               for the people.  They probably expect Paul and Barnabas to share where they are from and
               what business brings them to Pisidia in Antioch.  They are recognized as Jews and are invited to
               speak.

               Act 13:16  Then Paul stood up, and beckoning with his hand said, Men of Israel, and ye that fear
               God, give audience.]]></page><page Index="76"><![CDATA[Paul addresses both Jewish and Gentile unbelievers who are present (as well as those who may
               have already been born again).  He asks them to pay attention since it is time for visitors to
               speak.

               JEWISH HISTORY REVEALS JESUS


                   1.  INTRODUCTION:


               Verse 17 is the beginning of Paul’s sermon.  The introduction sounds very similar to Stephen’s
               sermon (7:2).  Since Paul is mainly speaking to Jews, he will use Jewish history to reveal that the
               God of Israel was indeed the Lord Jesus Christ, just as Stephen once had.

                   2.  THE EXODUS:


               Act 13:17  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they
               dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it.


               Stephen had previously revealed the Lord Jesus Christ as the God of the fathers of Israel (7:52).
               By His foreknowledge of their faith in Him, God had chosen Israel (Romans 8:29-30; Ephesians
               1:4).

               Election has always been the pattern with the patriarchs (Malachi 1:2), and faith has always
               been the means of pleasing the Lord (Hebrews 11:6).  God exalted the chosen nation of Israel
               because they trusted in Him.


               This exaltation occurred when Israel was in captivity in Egypt.  Despite the hardships, Israel
               grew in numbers and became a threat to Egypt (Exodus 1:7-20).  During this time of 400 years,
               they grew from seventy-five people to over 2 million.  Throughout the years, Jews had exalted
               themselves, but now they will hear about the true one who chose, exalted, and delivered Israel,
               the Lord Jesus Christ.


               The “uplifted arm” is a reference to the salvation and supernatural deliveries God brought to
               the nation through the exodus, Passover, and parting of the Red Sea.

                       13:17 strangers, paroikia (par-oy-kee-ah);  Aliens, foreigners, strangers, sojourners,
                       noncitizens dwelling as resident exiles. (Compare “parochial” and “parish.”) Israel
                       sojourned in Egypt on a paroikia basis. The permanent home was the land of Canaan. 1
                       Peter 1:17 uses paroikia in the spiritual sense. Christians lived temporarily as aliens in an
                       unfriendly world. The Lord has prepared for them a final home based on permanency,

                       duration, and endless time.]]></page><page Index="77"><![CDATA[3.  THE WILDERNESS:


               Act 13:18  And about the time of forty years suffered he their manners in the wilderness.

               And about the time of forty years suffered (put up with) he their manners (obnoxious habits of
               unbelief) in the wilderness.

               Their manners and habits included fear, worry, unbelief, and doubt.  God tolerated this in grace

               and love for forty years.  He came to the end of His long-suffering, and the first generation died.
               This freed up the second-generation to go into Canaan led by Joshua.

               Act 13:19  And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their
               land to them by lot.

               This verse speaks of the two divisions of the book of Joshua.  The first half (chapters 1-12)
               speaks of the destroying of the seven nations (Deuteronomy 7:1).  The second half (chapters

               13-24) describes the dividing up of the land among the tribes.  The land was divided by “lots,”
               the casting of the Urim and the Thummim, stones of the priesthood (Exodus 28:30; Leviticus
               8:8; Deuteronomy 33:8) used to receive guidance from the Lord.

                   4.  THE JUDGES:


               Act 13:20  And after that he gave unto them judges about the space of four hundred and fifty
               years, until Samuel the prophet.

               Four 450 years, judges ruled in Israel.  Samuel was the last judge and the first of a new type of

               leader, the prophet.  He was known in the Old Testament as the seer because of his ability to
               discern spiritual things and receive direction from the Lord.  He gave supernatural guidance and
               utterance to the people.

                   5.  KING SAUL


               Act 13:21  And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a
               man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years.

               Before this time, Israel was a theocracy, ruled by God through chosen leaders.  However, the
               people desired a king because they wanted to be like other nations (1 Samuel 8:4-9).  God
               made them unique as a people and a nation, but they continued to have bad attitudes even
               after the wilderness.  They forsook faith for sight.  They wanted a status symbol and got Saul, a

               tall and handsome man.  He ruled for forty years.  God allowed this because of his mercy.  He
               also allowed it to show the people the error of their choice.]]></page><page Index="78"><![CDATA[6.  KING DAVID


               Act 13:22  And when he had removed him, he raised up unto them David to be their king; to
               whom also he gave testimony, and said, I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after mine
               own heart, which shall fulfil all my will.

               And when he had removed him, he raised up unto them David to be their king; to whom also he
               gave testimony (memorial), and said (1 Samuel 13:14), I have found David the son of Jesse, a
               man after mine own heart, which shall fulfill (establish) all my will (covenant).


               Saul was removed because of the sin unto death (1 Chronicles 10:13-14).  David was a man who
               hungered after God and sought Him day and night (Psalm 1:2).  David sinned much but was a
               man quick to repent.  God’s will was fulfilled through David by the establishment of the Davidic
               Covenant, the promise that the Messiah, Jesus Christ, would come from his own loins (2 Samuel
               7:8-16; Psalm 89:20-37; 132:8-11).


               Act 13:23  Of this man's seed hath God according to his promise raised unto Israel a Saviour,
               Jesus:

               David’s seed is the same as Abraham’s seed.  The “seed” is the Lord Jesus Christ.  Paul is
               speaking of the humanity of Jesus coming from the lineage of David.  The title “Son of David” is
               the messianic title for Jesus.

                   7.  JOHN THE BAPTIST


               Act 13:24  When John had first preached before his coming the baptism of repentance to all the
               people of Israel.


               When John had first preached (announced) before (beforehand) His coming the baptism of
               repentance (metanoia) to all the people of Israel.

               John the Baptist was the herald of the King.  He baptized believers, those who have repented
               and accepted Jesus as their Savior.


               Act 13:25  And as John fulfilled his course, he said, Whom think ye that I am? I am not he. But,
               behold, there cometh one after me, whose shoes of his feet I am not worthy to loose.

               Here Paul is quoting what John said in Matthew 3:11.  John’s “course” was the end of his life.
               Our lives are compared to a race (2 Timothy 4:7).  John was a very controversial man among the
               religious leaders, and he confronted them many times.  John also continued to confirm to his
               followers that he was not the Messiah though his ministry had become very powerful.]]></page><page Index="79"><![CDATA[8.  JESUS THE MESSIAH


               Act 13:26  Men and brethren, children of the stock of Abraham, and whosoever among you
               feareth God, to you is the word of this salvation sent.

               Men (Gentiles) and brethren (Jews), children of the stock of Abraham, and whosoever among
               you feareth God, to you is the word (logos) of this salvation sent.


               Paul is addressing both Jews and Gentiles, and those among them who are already believers in
               the Lord Jesus.  The Old Testament was not written exclusively to Jews, but to all nationalities
               to inform them that Jesus is the only way to salvation in any time period.

                   9.  PAUL’S WARNING


               Act 13:27  For they that dwell At Jerusalem, and their rulers, because they knew him not, nor
               yet the voices of the prophets which are read every sabbath day, they have fulfilled them in
               condemning him.

               Paul warns the people not to follow the examples of the Jewish rulers in Jerusalem who
               rejected the true Messiah.  Not only were they unable to discern the Lord Jesus, they were

               unable to discern the voice of their own prophets from the Old Testament.  Each prophet
               foretold of the coming of Jesus and confirmed that he would be the Messiah, the only means of
               salvation for both Jew and Gentile.

               There was no excuse for not knowing Jesus was the Messiah.  The Old Testament prophets
               were read each sabbath day in the synagogues around the country.  Yet the very Scriptures
               they read each week foretold they would kill the Messiah.  The scriptures were fulfilled when
               they crucified Jesus.  Their rejection of Jesus was as much a fulfillment of scriptures as the
               acceptance of Him by the Jews who received Him as Lord and Savior.


               Act 13:28  And though they found no cause of death in him, yet desired they Pilate that he
               should be slain.

               The trials held against Jesus were illegal because of the times in which they were held and

               because they had no legal evidence against Jesus.

               Act 13:29  And when they had fulfilled all that was written of him, they took him down from the
               tree, and laid him in a sepulchre.

               God foretold what the Jewish religious leaders would do to Jesus.  Once they had done all they
               could do to Him, God did what only He could do.  God raised Jesus from the dead!]]></page><page Index="80"><![CDATA[10. JESUS RAISED FROM THE DEAD


               Act 13:30  But God raised him from the dead:

               In the end, God always wins, whether or not man aligns himself with Him.  Jesus was raised by
               the power of God the Father (Psalm 16:10-11; Acts 2:24; Ephesians 1:19-20) and the Holy Spirit
               (Romans 8:11; 1 Peter 3:18).


               Act 13:31  And he was seen many days of them which came up with him from Galilee to
               Jerusalem, who are his witnesses unto the people.

               Jesus was on the earth for forty days and was seen by men on 11 different occasions (1
               Corinthians 15:4-8).

               Act 13:32  And we declare unto you glad tidings, how that the promise which was made unto
               the fathers,


               The promise is the removal of sins and the barrier of rejection (Genesis 3:15).  The debt man
               was under has been paid in full.  This salvation message of Jesus is found throughout the Old
               Testament.  The sacrifices, feasts, temple furniture, priesthood, major and minor prophets all
               pointed toward Jesus.


                       13:32 promise,  epangelia (ep-ang-el-ee-ah); Both a promise and the thing promised, an
                       announcement with a special sense of promise, pledge, and offer.  Epangelia tells what
                       the promise from God is and then gives the assurance that the thing promised will be
                       done. 2 Corinthians 1:20 asserts, “For all the promises [epangelia] of God in him are Yes,
                       and in Him Amen, to the glory of God through us.”

                   11.   FULFILLMENT OF OLD TESTAMENT PROPHESY


               Act 13:33  God hath fulfilled the same unto us their children, in that he hath raised up Jesus
               again; as it is also written in the second psalm,

                       Thou art my Son,


                       This day have I begotten thee.

               God hath fulfilled (perfect tense) the same unto us their children, in that he hath raised up
               (brought on the scene) Jesus again; as it is also written in the second psalm (Psalm 2:7), “Thou
               art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.”


               The fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecies came to pass in the lifetime of those listening
               took Paul’s sermon.  The humanity of Jesus was raised up and David prophesied this would]]></page><page Index="81"><![CDATA[occur.  “This day” was the day of the Virgin birth of Jesus.  God was speaking of the deity of
               Jesus about the forming of His human body (Hebrews 10: 5-7).

               Act 13:34  And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead, now no more to return to
               corruption, he said on this wise,


                       ‘I will give you the sure mercies of David.’

               And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead, now no more to return to corruption,
               he said on this wise (Isaiah 55:3), “I will give you the sure (unfailing, absolute, secure) mercies
               of David.”


               Not only was Jesus brought into this earth by the power of God the Father, God also raised Him
               up.  The sure mercies of David include a throne, a perpetual kingdom, an everlasting ruler, and
               seed forever.

               Act 13:35  Wherefore he saith also in another psalm,


                       ‘Thou shalt not suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.’

               Wherefore he saith also in another psalm (Psalm 16:10), Thou shalt not suffer thine Holy One to
               see corruption.

                The “Holy One” spoken of in this verse is Jesus, not David, and God would not allow Jesus’

               human body to reach the point of corruption before He was raised from the dead.

               Act 13:36  For David, after he had served his own generation by the will of God, fell on sleep,
               and was laid unto his fathers, and saw corruption:

               Psalm 16:10 could not be referring to David because David died, remained buried, and his body

               decayed in the earth.

               Act 13:37  But he, whom God raised again, saw no corruption.

               David was not raised from the dead; therefore, it had to be Jesus Who was raised from the
               dead and never saw corruption.


               INTRODUCTION TO THE NEW BIRTH

               Act 13:38  Be it known unto you therefore, men and brethren, that through this man is

               preached unto you the forgiveness of sins:

               The message of forgiveness of sins was preached in the Old Testament and it was also preached
               through the mouth of the One spoken of, Jesus.]]></page><page Index="82"><![CDATA[Act 13:39  And by him all that believe are justified from all things, from which ye could not be
               justified by the law of Moses.

               And by him all that believe are justified (aorist passive ) from all things, from which ye could not
               be justified by the law of Moses.


               “All things” indicates unlimited atonement.  We have been justified from all sins, our position in
               Adam, spiritual death, and anything else associated with Satan.  This is the conclusion of the
               message.

               All the messages preached in the synagogues each week were types and shadows of what was

               to come.  Jesus Christ is the reality of all the prophets, types and shadows.

               CLOSING ADMONITION

               Act 13:40  Beware therefore, lest that come upon you, which is spoken of in the prophets;


               Spoken of in Habakkuk 1:5.

               Act 13:41  Behold, ye despisers, and wonder, and perish: for I work a work in your days, a work
               which ye shall in no wise believe, though a man declare it unto you.


               Behold, ye despisers, and wonder (be shocked), and perish (die): for I work a work in your days,
               a work which ye shall in no wise believe, though a man declare it unto you.

               “Your days” are the days of the New Testament.  Paul is warning these men not to be part of
               those who will reject Jesus.  Habakkuk warned of those who would reject the last day
               preaching.  In God’s sight their fate was settled: eternal death.


               Act 13:42  And when the Jews were gone out of the synagogue, the Gentiles besought that
               these words might be preached to them the next sabbath.

               After the strictest Jews leave the synagogue, most of the Gentiles remain and want to hear
               more the following week.


               GOD’S GRACE (43-49)

               The next Sabbath, nearly the entire city arrives to hear Paul’s message.  When the Jews see the
               multitudes gathered, they becoming envious, but the Word continues to spread throughout the

               entire region.]]></page><page Index="83"><![CDATA[Act 13:43  Now when the congregation was broken up, many of the Jews and religious
               proselytes followed Paul and Barnabas: who, speaking to them, persuaded them to continue in
               the grace of God.

               The Gentiles and many of the Jews found Paul and Barnabas inside the synagogue and followed
               them to their room asking questions all the way.  Paul and Barnabas admonish them to

               continue in the grace of God.

               Grace covers two main areas: salvation and spirituality.  Paul and Barnabas have already all
               observed the destructiveness of legalism in the church at Jerusalem, and so they encourage
               these men to begin and continue with grace.  Apparently, many of them are born again during
               the service and have questions about how to continue in the Lord.


               Act 13:44  And the next sabbath day came almost the whole city together to hear the word of
               God.

               In the course of one week, the Word taught by Barnabas and Paul brought the entire city out to
               hear the message of grace.  Crowds of people gathered to hear more.


               THE JEWS CONTRADICT THE MESSAGE OF GRACE

               Act 13:45  But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with envy, and spake against
               those things which were spoken by Paul, contradicting and blaspheming.


               Legalists are always jealous of grace.  People desire to hear messages about freedom and go to
               great links to receive those messages.  Legalists retaliate and argue against grace.  This is why
               we are to labor to maintain rest and stand fast in liberty.  Legalism contradicts and blasphemes
               because it attempts to help God through human effort.  These legalists are criticizing the Word
               of God.


               THE BOLDNESS OF PAUL AND BARNABAS

               Act 13:46  Then Paul and Barnabas waxed bold, and said, It was necessary that the word of God
               should first have been spoken to you: but seeing ye put it from you, and judge yourselves

               unworthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles.

               Then Paul and Barnabas waxed bold, and said, “It was necessary that the Word of God should
               first have been spoken to you: but seeing ye put it from you (thrust him from yourselves) and
               judge (evaluate) yourselves unworthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles.”

               God prophesied in the Old Testament that the Jews would be the first to hear the gospel but
               would reject the message.  This is the reason they are without excuse.  They turned their will]]></page><page Index="84"><![CDATA[against God.  God’s will never supersedes man’s will except in judgment.  Rejecting God’s grace
               will only reap His judgment.  Legalists always put God’s plans aside and think of themselves as
               better than God.  However, Paul informs them, “If you reject the Lord’s plan, we have every
               right to take God’s message to the Gentiles.”

               MINISTRY TO THE GENTILES


               Act 13:47  For so hath the Lord commanded us, saying, I have set thee to be a light of the
               Gentiles, that thou shouldest be for salvation unto the ends of the earth.


               For so hath the Lord commanded us, saying (Isaiah 49:6), I have set (appointed) thee to be a
               light of (to) the Gentiles, that thou (ministers) shouldest be for salvation unto the ends of the
               earth.

               The Old Testament speaks of ministers who will preach to the Gentiles.  Centuries before this
               time, God had given Jews permission to turn to the Gentile nations with His message.


               Act 13:48  And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord:
               and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed.

               And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord: and as
               many as were ordained (tasso: perfect tense: assigned) to eternal life believed.


               It is amazing how faith is produced with even a minimal amount of the Word.  One verse causes
               these Gentiles to rejoice and receive salvation.  The Greek word tasso is in the perfect tense.
               God knew before the foundation of the world who would and would not believe, and assigned
               everlasting life with Him to those who would (Romans 8:29; Ephesians 1:4).

               Act 13:49  And the word of the Lord was published throughout all the region.


               As eternal life is received, the converts publish the good news of the Word of God throughout
               the city and country.

               PAUL AND BARNABAS EXPELLED (50-52)


               The religious Jews who are angry with Paul and Barnabas cause prominent men and women to
               also become angry.  Persecution results and they are expelled them from the city.  Upon
               leaving, they shake the dust from their feet as instructed by Jesus.


               Act 13:50  But the Jews stirred up the devout and honourable women, and the chief men of the
               city, and raised persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them out of their coasts.]]></page><page Index="85"><![CDATA[But the Jews stirred up the devout and honorable (religious) women, and the chief men
               (politicians) of the city, and raised persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them
               out of their coasts.

               Paul and Barnabas find themselves under religious and political attack and decide to leave the
               city.


               Act 13:51  But they shook off the dust of their feet against them, and came unto Iconium.

               During His earthly ministry, Jesus instructed His disciples to shake the dust of any city that did
               not receive them from their feet (Luke 9:5).  They did so, then headed for Iconium, a major city

               and Galatia.

               Act 13:52  And the disciples were filled with joy, and with the Holy Ghost.




               This passage refers to the new converts left behind at Antioch Pisidia.]]></page><page Index="86"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="87"/><page Index="88"/><page Index="89"><![CDATA[Chapter 14]]></page><page Index="90"><![CDATA[THE BOOK OF ACTS

               CHAPTER 14


               THE CHALLENGE OF CHAPTER FOURTEEN

               Just as Paul and Barnabas preached boldly (even in the face of opposition and persecution) so
               must we never back down from the message of the gospel.  God’s Word is alive, powerful, the
               only message that brings spiritual life and eliminates spiritual death.  It brings light and dispels
               darkness in the hearts and minds of unregenerate men.  As long as we are alive on earth, we
               are to fulfill the great commission to go into all the world and preach the gospel.

               PREACHING IN ICONIUM (1-5)

               Paul and Barnabas preached in the synagogue in Iconium and many believed.  Then unbelieving
               Jews stir up the Gentiles against those who believe the gospel.  Paul and Barnabas continue to
               speak boldly in the Lord and signs and wonders follow their preaching.  The city splits; half side
               with the Jews and the other half with the apostles.  Those against the message determine to
               stone Paul and Barnabas.

               Iconium is located in an area of Galatia.  It is a providence consisting of four major cities:
               Antioch of Pisidia, Iconium, Derby, and Lystra.  Paul and Barnabas have been removed from
               Antioch and are traveling further inland into Galatia, and the further they go, the more the
               persecution will intensify.

               MANY BELIEVE

               Act 14:1  And it came to pass in Iconium, that they went both together into the synagogue of
               the Jews, and so spake, that a great multitude both of the Jews and also of the Greeks believed.

               Paul is sitting a pattern.  In most cities, when available, he goes into the synagogue.  Paul knows
               the customs, manners, and beliefs of the Jews and finds this a quick platform and audience.  He
               also knows in each city, the gospel was to the Jew first and then to the Greek (Romans 1:16).
               However, there were exceptions such as Athens and Philippi.

               Paul and Barnabas draw large crowds and speak several times.  Many more are added each
               time they speak.

               Act 14:2  But the unbelieving Jews stirred up the Gentiles, and made their minds evil affected
               against the brethren.

               Gentiles run the city of Iconium, and the Jews affect the attitude of the entire city.  The city
               becomes bitter against Paul and Barnabas because of the Jews.]]></page><page Index="91"><![CDATA[SIGNS AND WONDERS

               Act 14:3  Long time therefore abode they speaking boldly in the Lord, which gave testimony
               unto the word of his grace, and granted signs and wonders to be done by their hands.

               Long time therefore abode (diatribo: to remain under pressure) they speaking boldly in the
               Lord, which gave testimony unto the word of his grace and granted signs and wonders to be
               done by their hands.

               It took some time for opposition to be stirred up against Paul and Barnabas, so they wasted no
               time in proclaiming the message of salvation.  As they preach the Word, God confirms it with
               signs and wonders following.  God always backs the message of grace with signs and wonders
               (Galatians 3:5).

               Signs and wonders are God’s way of making it difficult to say no to the gospel and teaching of
               the Word.  Those in Iconium have to make an effort to ignore the miracles and healings and
               refuse salvation.

               Act 14:4  But the multitude of the city was divided: and part held with the Jews, and part with
               the apostles.

               Even though there are miracles and healings, many are so hardened they will not believe, even
               with the display of the supernatural.  The city is divided down the middle (Matthew 10:34).

               The first four verses of this chapter reveal that the results of the word are always the same.
               Some accept the gospel, and others reject it.  This was the case in Antioch of Pisidia and now is
               in Iconium.  Verse 3 tells us God performed miracles in Iconium, but in Antioch none were
               performed (Acts 13).  In some cities miracles are performed, and in some they are not.  One city
               does not set a standard.  One event does not establish a pattern.  God works differently in each
               city, but the Word is always preached.

               Manifestations will always differ.  One method of witnessing does not set a precedent.  One
               method for success in life does not set the norm for everyone.  How you spend your time in
               study, prayer, praise, and worship is up to you.  How you apply God’s principles is up to you.
               Jesus did not witness or minister healing to any two people the same way.  It is important to
               stay open to the Holy Spirit.

               PERSECUTION

               Act 14:5  And when there was an assault made both of the Gentiles, and also of the Jews with
               their rulers, to use them despitefully, and to stone them,

               Behind the scenes, there is a joint effort by the Jews and Gentiles to kill Paul and Barnabas and
               make a public example of them.]]></page><page Index="92"><![CDATA[PREACHING IN LYSTRA (6-7)

               Paul and Barnabas, learning of the plot against them, flee to Lystra and Derbe and preach there
               and in the surrounding area.

               Act 14:6  They were ware of it, and fled unto Lystra and Derbe, cities of Lycaonia, and unto the
               region that lieth round about:

               The word about the plot to stone them comes to Paul and Barnabas through either the Holy
               Spirit or through the converts they have made in the city.  Paul and Barnabas flee  to Lystra and
               Derbe, the other two cities of Galatia.  They arrive in Lystra first.

               Act 14:7  And there they preached the gospel.

               Signs and wonders again accompany the preaching of the gospel.  Paul is spared from
               persecution in Antioch and Iconium.  He will be raised out of it in Lystra (2 Timothy 3:12).

               Lyconia is a desert area with rugged mountains, and is one of the most desolate areas in the
               world.

               HEALING OF THE CRIPPLE (8-10)

               There is a man in Lystra who has never walked because he is crippled.  Paul sees faith in this
               man and commands him to stand.  The man responds and the people witness his healing.

               Act 14:8  And there sat a certain man At Lystra, impotent in his feet, being a cripple from his
               mother's womb, who never had walked:

               And there sat a certain man at Lystra, impotent (totally helpless) in his feet, being a cripple
               from his mother’s womb, who had never walked:

               The man mentioned in this verse has been a liability on the city of Lystra since his birth.  He is
               well known because for years others have carried him from place to place.

               Act 14:9  The same heard Paul speak: who stedfastly beholding him, and perceiving that he had
               faith to be healed,

               The man receives faith when he hears Paul speak (Romans 10:17).  While Paul is ministering,
               the same Holy Spirit who gave the man faith, reveals it to Paul.  The Holy Spirit works in both
               Paul and the crippled man to bring about his healing.

               Act 14:10  Said with a loud voice, Stand upright on thy feet. And he leaped and walked.

               Lystra did not have a synagogue, so God used this miracle to draw a crowd.  In Iconium, the
               miracles follow the teaching ministry (verse 3).  Here the healing proceeds the Word, and a
               crowd gathers as a result of the healing.]]></page><page Index="93"><![CDATA[PAUL AND BARNABAS DEEMED GODS (11-18)

               Because of the miracle, the people cry out in their native tongue that god’s have come to visit
               them in the form of men.  A priest of Zeus even brings an ox and garlands with the intention of
               joining the multitudes and sacrificing to Paul and Barnabas.  As soon as Paul and Barnabas
               realize what is happening, they run out among the people tearing their clothes, declaring they
               are men just like the people in the crowd.  They also attempt to teach the people about the
               living God they serve.

               Act 14:11  And when the people saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, saying in
               the speech of Lycaonia, The gods are come down to us in the likeness of men.

               The Lycaonian language is a mixture of Greek and Assyrian.  Paul does not know what they are
               saying since it is in their native tongue.  He only becomes aware when they begin to sacrifice to
               him and Barnabas (verse 13).

               Maybe it is the Lystran’s jealousy of nearby Phyrgia that makes them so quick to label Paul and
               Barnabas as gods.  Two trees stood in Phyrgia as a monument to a supposed visit from Zeus and
               Hermes.  According to legend, the trees had been lovers transformed after requesting from the
               gods a form that would allow them to be together forever.  By worshiping Paul and Barnabas as
               gods, perhaps the Lystrians hope to have the requests granted as well.

               Act 14:12  And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercurius, because he was the chief
               speaker.

               SACRIFICES BROUGHT

               Act 14:13  Then the priest of Jupiter, which was before their city, brought oxen and garlands
               unto the gates, and would have done sacrifice with the people.

               Oxen were the highest form of sacrifice to the Greeks because they were so expensive.  They
               belonged to the wealthy.  Garlands were used in worship to entertain the gods.  Paul and
               Barnabas now begin to understand why the people had made such an uproar.  When the
               people witnessed the miracles, they mistakenly gave credit to Paul and Barnabas rather than
               the one true God.

               PAUL AND BARNABAS CRY OUT

               Act 14:14  Which when the apostles, Barnabas and Paul, heard of, they rent their clothes, and
               ran in among the people, crying out,

               While the people prepare to make sacrifices, Paul and Barnabas are inside the house where
               they are staying.  When they realize what is happening, they run outside and tear their clothes
               to prove they are human.]]></page><page Index="94"><![CDATA[AN ATTEMPT TO TEACH THE PEOPLE

               Act 14:15  And saying, Sirs, why do ye these things? We also are men of like passions with you,
               and preach unto you that ye should turn from these vanities (useless) unto the living God,
               which made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and all things that are therein:

               Although the people have cried out in the language of Lyconia, Paul speaks in Greek so
               everyone understands him.  All Galatians worshiped the false gods of the air, land, and sea.
               Paul explains that there is one true God who made all of these elements as well as them.

                       14:15  useless,  mataios (mat-ah-yoss);  Fruitless, empty, futile, frivolous, hollow, unreal,
                       unproductive, lacking substance, trifling, ineffectual, void of results, devoid of force,
                       success, or utility, and worthless. The word here describes Greek and Roman
                       mythological ritual. The unregenerate philosophy of that day made Paul and Barnabas
                       urged the people to turn from these useless (mataios) things. The message was “turn
                       from Zeus, who has never lived, to God who has always been alive. As Creator He is
                       worthy to be praised, worshiped, and trusted.”

               Act 14:16  Who in times past suffered all nations to walk in their own ways.

               Paul explains to the people, “God has allowed you to walk in your foolishness even though He
               did not like it.  That is why He has sent us to reveal Him to you.”

               Act 14:17  Nevertheless he left not himself without witness, in that he did good, and gave us
               rain from heaven, and fruitful seasons, filling our hearts with food and gladness.

               The universe and earth are a witness to God’s power and existence (Romans 1:20).  Because the
               people Paul addresses are Gentiles (heathen), they have never known about the manifestations
               of Jesus revealed in the Old Testament like the angel of the Lord, Jehovah, and the rock.  So
               Paul explains that God sends rain and provides food.  Because they live in an agricultural
               economy, they can understand and appreciate Paul’s verbiage.  He compares natural food to
               spiritual food, “filling our hearts with food.”  God always supplies spiritual nutrition for the new
               birth.
               THE CROWD DOES NOT LISTEN


               Act 14:18  And with these sayings scarce restrained they the people, that they had not done
               sacrifice unto them.

               The crowd is still in a frenzy and emotionally charged.  They are not ready to listen to teaching,
               and they have not ceased in their attempts to offer sacrifices.]]></page><page Index="95"><![CDATA[STONING OF PAUL (19-20)

               The Jews from Antioch and Iconium arrive convincing the multitudes to stone Paul and drag
               him, dead, out of the city.  However, the disciples gather around Paul and pray.  He is raised
               from the dead.  The very next day, he travels with Barnabas to Derbe.

               PAUL’S MESSAGE REJECTED

               Act 14:19  And there came thither certain Jews from Antioch and Iconium, who persuaded the
               people, and, having stoned Paul, drew him out of the city, supposing he had been dead.

               And there came thither certain Jews from Antioch and Iconium who persuaded the people, and,
               having stoned Paul, drew (dragged) him out of the city, supposing (nomizo: concluding him to
               have died) he had been dead.

               The Judaizers from Antioch and Iconium who reject Paul’s message attempt to evangelize these
               Gentiles with the law.  They were unable to stone Paul and Barnabas in Iconium because they
               had fled.  They have now followed Paul and Barnabas to Lystra and this time, will see Paul
               stoned by the people.  Believing they have been successful in putting a stop to the gospel, they
               will leave.  These men never cared about Lystra until Paul arrived.

               The people in Lystra are fickle and easily persuaded.  One minute they are convinced Paul is a
               god, and the next, they plan to stone him.  They are probably disappointed because Paul will
               not allow them to make sacrifices to him.

               This instance of Paul’s stoning and death is probably the time he was taken out of his body into
               the third heaven (2 Corinthians 12:1-4).

               PAUL RAISED FROM THE DEAD

               Act 14:20  Howbeit, as the disciples stood round about him, he rose up, and came into the city:
               and the next day he departed with Barnabas to Derbe.

               Paul’s stoning takes place before a group of his own followers, disciples of the Lord.  As they are
               praying for him, he suddenly comes back to life.  Immediately he returns to the city of Lystra.

               It must be a shock to the Jews who had just stoned him and a confirmation to the people of the
               city of the truth of the gospel.  After they see Paul has been raised from the dead, they no
               longer want to offer him sacrifices.  Now they are ready to receive the Lord.  He only remains in
               Lystra one day before he continues his journey into Derbe.  He will preach again in Lystra on his
               departure from the region and like in Antioch, no miracles are performed.]]></page><page Index="96"><![CDATA[RETURN TO LYSTRA, ICONIUM, AND ANTIOCH (21-23)

               After preaching in Derbe, Paul and Barnabas return to Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch to
               strengthen and exhort the disciples and encourage them to continue in the faith.  They also
               appoint elders in every church and, after praying and fasting, commended them to the Lord.

               Act 14:21  And when they had preached the gospel to that city, and had taught many, they
               returned again to Lystra, and to Iconium, and Antioch,

               The word about Paul and the gospel has already spread throughout Galatia, and the people in
               the next city are ready to receive the gospel and hear the teaching of the Word.

               Two words are mentioned in this verse that should be noted: preached and taught.  Preaching
               is for the unbelievers.  It is how they hear the gospel.  Teaching is for believers, the disciples,
               and they heard the Word.

               Not only have the next cities heard about Paul’s resurrection, the word about what happened
               spreads back to the cities where Paul and Barnabas have received so much persecution.  It was
               probably during this time when people regretted what had happened and would have “plucked
               out” their eyes and given them to Paul (Galatians 4:15).  After having been stoned, Paul
               probably wasn’t a pretty sight!

               However, Paul isn’t deterred by what has just happened; he continues to preach and teach
               despite his physical condition.  In 2 Corinthians 11:24-27, Paul describes more about his
               sufferings during this time.

               TEACHING THE WORD

               Act 14:22  Confirming the souls of the disciples, and exhorting them to continue in the faith,
               and that we must through much tribulation enter into the kingdom of God.

               Through the teaching of the Word, the souls of the disciples are grounded and established.  The
               soul is stabilized by the Word.  Confirmation is for the present.  Exhortation is for the future.
               Paul is unable to remain with them, and he wants them to be spiritually self-sustaining.

               The “kingdom of God” is a reference to the spiritual walk of faith God wants all of us to obtain.
               It is comparable to the land of Canaan in the Old Testament.  The life of faith is a goal every
               believer should attain to and it comes to us through knowledge of the Word of God.  It also
               comes through much tribulation from the religious crowd.  This crowd has always opposed the
               truth from the time of the prophets, to Jesus, and to the apostles of the New Testament.  This is
               true for all believers.  Satan will always oppose the deeper walk, but God gives us the strength
               and power to overcome.

                       14:21-22 Suffering, Tribulation, CONFLICT AND THE KINGDOM.  Paul not only taught the
                       joy and peace of the kingdom of God (Romans 14:17), it’s power (1 Corinthians 4:20),
                       and its present authority to cause the believer to triumph over evil (2 Timothy 4:18;]]></page><page Index="97"><![CDATA[Romans 16:20). He also taught that “kingdom people” experienced trial, suffering, and
                       not always an “instant victory” (2 Thessalonians 1:5). Triumph and victory may
                       characterize the attitude of each citizen of the kingdom of God, and Holy Spirit-
                       empowered authority is given to be applied to realize results. Yet, God did not promise
                       life without struggle. The “dominion” being recovered through the presence of the King
                       within us and ministered by the Holy Spirit’s power through us is never taught by the
                       apostles as preempting all suffering.

                       This text reminds us that victory only comes through battle, and triumph only follows
                       trial. Only a weak view of the truth of the kingdom of God pretends otherwise. Another
                       weak view surrenders to negative circumstances on the proposition that we are
                       predestined to problems and therefore should merely tolerate them. The Bible teaches
                       that suffering, trial, and all order of human difficulty are unavoidable; but God’s Word
                       also teaches that they may all be overcome. The presence of the King and the power of
                       His kingdom in our lives make us neither invulnerable nor immune to life’s struggles. But
                       they do bring the promise of victory: provision in need, strength for the day, and
                       healing, comfort, and saving help.
               ORDAINING ELDERS


               Act 14:23  And when they had ordained them elders in every church, and had prayed with
               fasting, they commended them to the Lord, on whom they believed.

               And when they had ordained them elders in every church, and had prayed with fasting, they
               commended them to the Lord, on whom they believed.

               The Greek word for ordained is cheirotoneo.  It means to “elect by stretching out the hand.”  In
               each of these cities, Paul and Barnabas establish churches as they retrace their steps back
               through the cities.  The believers in each city continue in the Word and in grace, and groups are
               established.  All of the groups need leadership, and Paul and Barnabas make the selections by
               the laying on of hands.  Prayer and fasting accompany each selection to determine whether
               they have any “checks” in their spirits about any potential leaders.  After praying and fasting,
               their consciences are clear, and they commend the selected leaders to the Lord.  This
               demonstrates Paul and Barnabas have done their part, and what remains to be done is
               between the new elders and the Lord.
               The Greek word for “commended” is paratithemi which means “to deposit.”  This is a banking
               term.  A bank is generally considered a safe place to deposit money.  The Lord is the bank, the
               safe place to deposit the new elders.  These elders (presbuteros) become the pastors of the
               churches.  The pastor is called an elder in many passages of scripture.  A pastor can be called an
               elder, a bishop, or a deacon.  Although not all elders, bishops, and deacons are the pastors, a
               pastor is each one of these offices as the head of the local church.]]></page><page Index="98"><![CDATA[PREACHING CONTINUES (24-28)

               Paul and Barnabas then traveled to Perga and Attalia and preach in those places.  Finally, they
               returned to Antioch, testify about all God had accomplished during their missionary travels, and
               report have many Gentiles had received the gospel.  They remain in the area to rest and be
               refreshed.

               Act 14:24  And after they had passed throughout Pisidia, they came to Pamphylia.

               Paul and Barnabas now return to the place where Mark deserted them.

               PERGA AND ATTALIA

               Act 14:25  And when they had preached the word in Perga, they went down into Attalia:

               Paul does not preach the Word in Perga when he first arrives, but reserves this opportunity for
               his return trip.  Attalia is the seaport from which Paul will return home.

               RETURNING TO ANTIOCH


               Act 14:26  And thence sailed to Antioch, from whence they had been recommended to the
               grace of God for the work which they fulfilled.
               They had been sent out from Antioch, and now they had returned.  This was the place where
               they had been commended to God’s grace.  The Greek word is paradidomi, which means to be
               turned over for safekeeping.

               TESTIMONY


               Act 14:27  And when they were come, and had gathered the church together, they rehearsed
               all that God had done with them, and how he had opened the door of faith unto the Gentiles.

               They give God all the glory for what He has done.  Not only should missionaries return to the
               church from which they are sent, they also need to testify of what God has done -- signs,
               wonders, churches established, and people saved.

               A TIME OF REST

               Act 14:28  And there they abode long time with the disciples.

               Paul and Barnabas spent almost eighteen months on the road in Galatia.  They deserve a rest,
               and they take one.  Vacation (time off) is a necessity in ministry.  It helps ministers prepare for
               the next journey.]]></page><page Index="99"><![CDATA[Notes]]></page><page Index="100"/></pages></Search>
